云南艺隆精品推荐：石陨石

　　藏品名称：石陨石

规格：直径：145.mm 重量：2103g

　　陨石也称“陨星”，是地球以外脱离原有运行轨道的宇宙流星或尘碎块飞快散落到地球或其它行星表面的未燃尽的石质、铁质或是石铁混合的物质。陨石是宇宙中最常见的物质之一，它由其它天体相互碰撞或爆炸而产生，以极高的速度在真空的宇宙中飞驰，继续撞击其它天体。这些陨石在太阳系中大多数被质量较大的木星所吸引，因此，地球才躲过了许多灾祸。

　　Meteorites, also known as "meteorites", are unburned rocks, iron or a mixture of rocks and iron that are scattered rapidly on the surface of the Earth or other planets by cosmic meteors or debris outside the Earth from its original orbit. Meteorites are one of the most common substances in the universe. They are produced by collisions or explosions between other celestial bodies. They fly in the vacuum at a very high speed and continue to impact other celestial bodies. Most of these meteorites are attracted to the larger Jupiter in the solar system, so the Earth has avoided many disasters.

　　陨石撞击过程类似于原子弹爆炸产生的蘑菇云，全都化为尘埃。总共分为两个阶段，第一阶段是接触和挤压，陨石撞击地表的速度通常超过10公里每秒，碰撞发生的时间在1秒之内，过程中冲击波沿着接触面分别向陨石表面和地表传递，压强相当于几百万倍的大气压，瞬间就能让陨石和地表产生巨大形变。

　　第二阶段称为开凿，就是陨石坑受到压力进一步扩大，通常来说一个陨石能砸出的坑可以是自身直径的20倍左右。6500万年前，撞击地球导致恐龙灭绝的陨石坑位于墨西哥的尤卡塔半岛，这个陨石坑的平均直径在180公里左右，陨石的直径约10公里，撞击后陨石变成尘埃，遮天蔽日阻挡了植物光合作用，引起整个食物链崩塌，产生的效果相当于120万亿吨TNT爆炸。

　　但也并不是所有陨石坑都没有陨石，陨石能否完整保留取决于撞击速度。

　　如果陨石撞击速度没有达到临界的12公里每秒，就有可能不会完全消失。例如2010年有人在新疆维吾尔自治区发现的陨石，这颗陨石的母体位于火星和木星之间小行星带上，在距离地球还剩20公里时发生爆裂，陨石被分散成大大小小的3000多块，其中最大的一块陨石重约39公斤，砸出了一个2米长6.5米深的大坑。

　　大陆陨石价格上涨得非常快，稀有的、卖相好的高端陨石，竞争日益激烈，近两年涨了10倍，而一些普通陨石也涨了1倍左右。目前陨石的收藏价值极其高，尤其是许多身价极高的人群都认为陨石具有科研价值，可以提取大量微量元素，为一些研究疑难杂症的药物提供重大发现。

　　The meteorite impact process is similar to the mushroom cloud produced by the atomic bomb explosion, all of which are turned into dust. There are two stages in total. The first stage is contact and compression. The velocity of meteorite impacting on the surface is usually more than 10 kilometers per second. The time of collision is less than 1 second. During the process, the shock wave is transmitted to the surface of meteorite and the surface along the contact surface. The pressure is equivalent to several million times of atmospheric pressure, which can make meteorite and the surface instantly. It produces tremendous deformation.

　　The second stage, called digging, is when the crater is subjected to further pressure. Usually, a crater that a meteorite can smash can be about 20 times its own diameter. Sixty-five million years ago, the crater that hit the Earth and caused the extinction of dinosaurs was located in Mexico's Yucata Peninsula. The average diameter of the crater was about 180 kilometers, and the diameter of the meteorite was about 10 kilometers. After the impact, the meteorite became dust, which blocked the photosynthesis of plants and caused the collapse of the whole food chain. The effect was comparable. It exploded at 120 trillion tons of TNT.

　　But not all craters do not have meteorites. Whether meteorites remain intact depends on the impact velocity.

　　If the impact velocity of the meteorite does not reach the critical 12 km/s, it may not disappear completely. For example, in 2010, a meteorite was discovered in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The parent body of the meteorite was located in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. It burst 20 kilometers away from the earth. The meteorite was scattered into more than 3,000 pieces, the largest of which weighed about 39 kilograms and smashed a 2-meter-long 6.5-meter-deep meteorite. Big pit.

　　The price of continental meteorites has risen very fast. Rare and well-selling high-end meteorites are increasingly competitive. In recent two years, the price of continental meteorites has risen 10 times, and some ordinary meteorites have risen about 1 times. At present, the collection value of meteorites is extremely high. Especially many people with high value think that meteorites have scientific research value. They can extract a large number of trace elements and provide important discoveries for some drugs to study difficult and complicated diseases.

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