云南艺隆精品推荐：清朝墨盒

墨盒从清代开始流行，由于当时液体墨汁的产生,用来盛装墨水,直至解放时期发明了玻璃瓶子代替那种铜质墨盒，渐渐退出历史舞台，一个雕刻精美的铜质墨盒成了收藏把玩的宠儿。

Ink cartridges began to be popular in the Qing Dynasty. Because of the production of liquid ink at that time, they were used to hold ink. Until the liberation period, glass bottles were invented to replace the copper cartridges. They gradually withdrew from the stage of history. A well-carved copper cartridge became the favorite of collectors.

【藏品名称】：清朝墨盒

[Collection Name]: Qing Dynasty ink cartridges

【规格】：重：186.2g 边长：65.2mm

[Specification] Weight: 186.2g Side Length: 65.2mm

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一般说，铜墨盒出现在清朝中期。同治初年，陈寅生开始在盒面上刻上书法或山水花鸟图案，使器物变得精美。齐如山在他的《北京三百六十行》中说: “刻墨盒始于陈寅生”。文物学家邓之诚在《骨董琐记》中也记载:“京师厂 肆专业墨盒者，推万礼斋为最先;刻字则始详于陈寅生秀....时同治初元也。”到了民国年间，北京又出了一位继陈寅生之后冠绝一时的刻铜大家，他就是当时琉璃厂同古堂图章墨盒铺的主人张樾丞。末代皇帝的“宣御览之宝”、“宣统御笔”和建国后的“中央人民政府”等玺印都是出自张樾丞之手。当时铜墨盒的刻制，除专业刻铜家外，.还有文人画家的参与。画家、金石家姚茫父就时常奏刀，自画自刻。他也常与陈师曾合作，陈画姚刻之墨盒，为盒中精品。张樾丞也曾与当时许多名士文人如陈师曾、金城、溥儒、齐白石、陈半丁、王雪涛等合作，由这些艺术家绘图，供其作刻稿。一些名不见经传的刻家，所刻、绘图亦有相当精美者，在收藏中当择优藏取。

Generally speaking, copper ink cartridges appeared in the mid-Qing Dynasty. In the early years of Tongzhi, Chen Yinsheng began to engrave calligraphy or landscape flower-and-bird patterns on the boxes to make them exquisite. Qi Rushan said in his "Three Hundreds and Sixty Lines of Beijing" that "Ink-carving cartridges began with Chen Yinsheng". Deng Zhicheng, a cultural relic scientist, also recorded in the Book of Bone Dong Zou Ji: "Those who specialize in cartridges in Jingshi factories are the first to push Wanli Zhai, while the inscriptions are first detailed in Chen Yinshengxiu.... At the same time, they were in the early Yuan Dynasty of Tongzhi." In the years of the Republic of China, another famous copper Carver came out in Beijing after Chen Yinsheng. He was Zhang Yueyue, the owner of the stamp cartridge shop of Liulichang and Gutang at that time. The seals of the last emperors, such as "the treasure of Xuan Royal View", "Xuan Tong Royal Pen" and "the Central People's Government" after the founding of the People's Republic of China, all came from Zhang Yuexin's hands. At that time, in addition to the professional copper Carver, there were also literati painters involved in the carving of the copper ink cartridge. Yao Mangfu, a painter and epigrapher, often plays knives and paints himself. He often cooperated with Mr. Chen, who painted Yao's ink cartridges as exquisite products in the cartridges. Zhang Yue-cheng also worked with many famous scholars at that time, such as Chen Shizeng, Jincheng, Puru, Qi Baishi, Chen Banding and Wang Xuetao, to draw pictures by these artists for their sculptures. Some unknown engravers, engraving and drawing are also quite exquisite, which should be selected in the collection.

清朝墨盒乃京城之名物，当时上至达官贵人，下至乡野学子，盖涉文字者莫不用之。遗存的精美绝伦刻铜墨盒，不仅历史文化厚重，而且艺术内涵丰富，在我国浩如烟海的文物中，堪称不可忽视的瑰宝。

The ink cartridges of the Qing Dynasty were famous objects in the capital. At that time, they went up to high officials and nobles, and went down to the countryside to study. Those who covered the words did not need them. The exquisite carved copper ink cartridges left behind are not only rich in history and culture, but also rich in artistic connotation. They can not be ignored in the vast amount of cultural relics in China.

刻铜墨盒最迟始于清中期，而盛极于清末民初。自清同光陈寅生开创在素面铜墨盒上镌刻诗文书画后，就给枯燥、呆板的铜墨盒赋予了艺术与生命，从而使铜墨盒嬗变成既是物质的，又是精神的。于是盈寸之间，气象万千，常集诗书画印刻多种艺术于一体而成为文房雅玩。当年一方书画艺术与镌刻技艺俱佳的刻铜墨盒，往往是达官政要、文人墨客竞相追捧和寻觅的珍宠。有记载，从民国以来，像鲁迅、周作人兄弟等书画名家，经常到京城琉璃厂去选购刻铜墨盒，或自用或送人，盖囚小巧刻铜墨盒的背后，积淀着精湛的手工技艺和深厚的文化底蕴！极具收藏价值。

Copper-carved ink cartridges began at the latest in the mid-Qing Dynasty and flourished in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. Since Tongguang Chen Yinsheng of the Qing Dynasty created the carving of poems and documents on plain copper ink boxes, he has given art and life to dull and rigid copper ink boxes, thus making them both material and spiritual. So between Yingcun and Yingcun, the weather is thousands of, often set poetry, calligraphy, painting and engraving a variety of Arts in one and become a literary elegant play. At that time, copper inkboxes with excellent painting and calligraphy and engraving skills were often sought after and sought by dignitaries and literati. It has been recorded that, since the Republic of China, famous calligraphers and painters such as Lu Xun and Zhou Zuoren brothers often went to Liulichang in Beijing to buy carved copper ink cartridges for their own use or to send people. Behind the small carved copper ink cartridges covered by prisoners, they accumulated exquisite handicraft and profound cultural heritage. It has great collection value.

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