70周年国庆 特别推荐：“大清乾隆年制”钧红釉葫芦瓶

早在宋代，我国就已烧制出钧红釉瓷器，因它最初为河南禹州钧窑所烧制，故称“钧红”。钧红釉瓷器属我国最早出现的一个铜红釉品种，它的诞生，结束了当时青瓷独占鳌头的局面，这在我国的陶瓷发展史上，不能不是一件划时代的大事。钧红釉瓷凭借其古朴的造型、精湛的工艺、复杂的配釉、“入窑一色出窑万彩”的神奇窑变，湖光山色、云霞雾霭、人兽花鸟虫鱼等变化无穷的图形色彩和奇妙韵味，享誉华夏，故素有“黄金有价钧无价”的美誉。

As early as the Song Dynasty, our country had fired Junhong glaze porcelain, because it was first fired by Jun kiln in Yuzhou, Henan Province, so it was called "Junhong". Jun red glaze porcelain is one of the earliest copper red glaze varieties in China. Its birth ended the situation that celadon dominated the world at that time. This is not an epoch-making event in the development history of ceramics in China. Jun Red Glazed Porcelain is famous for its simple shape, exquisite craftsmanship, complex glaze matching, magical kiln change of "all in one kiln and all out in one kiln", endless variations of graphic colors and magical charm, such as lake, mountain, cloud and mist, human, animal, flower, bird, insect and fish, and so on. It is known as "Gold is priceless".

【藏品名称】：“大清乾隆年制”钧红釉葫芦瓶

"Qianlong Annual System of Qing Dynasty" Junhong Glazed Gourd Bottle

【类别】：瓷器

[Category]: Porcelain

钧红是最早的红釉，当时的釉料配置不够精细、准确，除了铜以外，还混杂着其他金属氧化物。因此钧红釉具有红里泛紫的色调，近乎玫瑰花、海棠花的紫红色，所以又称为“玫瑰紫”和“海棠红”。自元代后，禹县钧窑日渐衰落，至明初已不能烧钧红釉瓷器了。但值得庆幸的是，禹州烧制钧红釉的技艺被其它产瓷区继承了下来。景德镇自宋末起就已开始烧制钧红釉瓷器。钧红制品中，还常出现红、兰、紫三色互相交错、如火如霞的绚丽画面。钧红釉的创制，为陶瓷的装饰工艺开辟了一个新的境界，明代的宝石红、霁红，清代的郎窑红、桃花片及一些窑变釉的出现，都与钧红有关。

Junhong is the earliest red glaze. At that time, the glaze configuration was not precise enough. Besides copper, it was also mixed with other metal oxides. Therefore, Junhong glaze has a red-purple hue, almost rose, crabapple purple, so it is also known as "rose purple" and "crabapple red". Since the Yuan Dynasty, the Jun kiln in Yuxian County has declined day by day. By the beginning of Ming Dynasty, Jun red glaze pottery could not be fired. But it is fortunate that Yuzhou's skill of firing Jun red glaze has been inherited by other porcelain producing areas. Jingdezhen has been firing Jun Red Glazed Porcelain since the end of Song Dynasty. In Junhong products, red, blue and purple are often interlaced with each other, such as the brilliant picture of fire like clouds. The creation of Jun red glaze has opened up a new realm for the decorative technology of ceramics. The appearance of ruby red and red in Ming Dynasty, Langyao red in Qing Dynasty, peach blossom pieces and some kiln glaze-changing in Qing Dynasty are all related to Jun red.

钧红釉是以铜为着色剂的釉色，釉层肥厚，红而且浓，滋润均匀，华而不俗，釉层中有细小的龟裂纹理。此釉在高温焙烧的过程中虽会向下淌流，但色釉一般不脱口，而且多生窑变。特别是清中期时窑变色泽丰富，流淌自然，成行成丝，满窑变或局部窑变，深受世人所爱。其实，所谓窑变釉，即系唐英督理景德镇御窑厂时仿钧窑釉色所繁衍出的一个创新品种，《稗史汇编》有云：“瓷有同是一质，遂成异质，同是一色，遂成异色者，水土所合，非人力之巧所能加，是之谓窑变。” 在五彩缤纷的颜色釉中，窑变釉瓷器因其色彩斑斓，釉面光滑莹润而深得藏界的垂青。

Jun red glaze is a kind of glaze with copper as colorant. The glaze layer is thick, red and thick, moisturizing uniformly, luxurious and not vulgar. There are fine cracks in the glaze layer. Although the glaze will flow downward during the high temperature roasting process, the color glaze generally does not break off, and the polygenic kiln changes. Especially in the mid-Qing Dynasty, the kiln was rich in color, flowing naturally, forming silk in rows, changing into full kiln or partial kiln, which was deeply loved by the world. In fact, the so-called kiln glaze change is an innovative variety of imitating Jun kiln glaze color in Jingdezhen Royal Kiln Factory of Tang Ying Governor. Among the colorful glazes, the kiln enameled porcelain is very popular in Tibet because of its colorful, smooth and lustrous glaze.

此“大清乾隆年制”钧红釉葫芦瓶属欧洲回流藏品，底款标有海关标记。撇口，长颈，鼓腹，腹下渐收，圈足。器型端庄沉稳，釉质肥厚，光洁剔透，内外壁均有冰裂纹，典雅美观。通体罩钧红窑变釉，红、黑色料自然相间，于釉面自然流淌变幻，灿如红霞，姣丽宜人，具有一种强烈的玻璃感光泽。口沿留白，底刷浅酱色釉。此器胎质细腻，线条优美，内外开片疏密有序，“明如镜、润如玉、赤如血”特征明显极致，尺寸硕大，是适于观赏性的立件作品，具有极高的艺术欣赏价值和收藏价值。

The Junhong glazed gourd bottle of the "Emperor Qianlong Annual System of the Qing Dynasty" belongs to the European reflux collection. The bottom paragraph is marked with customs marks. Skimming, long neck, drum belly, lower abdomen receding gradually, circle foot. The model is dignified and steady, the enamel is thick, smooth and transparent, and there are ice cracks on the inner and outer walls. It is elegant and beautiful. The glaze of Junhong kiln is changed from red to black, and the glaze flows naturally. It is as beautiful as red clouds and has a strong glassy luster. The mouth edge is white and the bottom is painted with light sauce glaze. The utensil has exquisite texture, graceful lines, dense and orderly internal and external opening. The features of the utensil are as clear as a mirror, as moist as jade, and as red as blood. Its size is huge. It is an ornamental work with high artistic appreciation value and collection value.

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