耀州窑剔花执壶

耀州窑剔花执壶

口径：3.3cm 高：9.9cm

Calibre: 3.3 cm Height: 9.9 cm

耀州窑青釉剔花执壶口径3.3厘米、高9.9，直口微侈，长颈，鼓腹，圏足微向外撇。肩部安管状弯流，流上划刻简单的几何纹，另一侧是扁泥条曲柄，柄上印有菱形几何纹。壶腹饰缠枝纹，大花大叶，有气势。采用深剔刻刀法，先在坯体上划出纹饰轮廓，然后用刀将花纹以外的地子挖掉，使花纹呈微微凸起的浅浮雕效果。胎体坚致，胎色白中泛灰。通体施淡绿色釉，釉色绿中泛灰，釉面呈现很强的玻璃质感。底足露胎处呈火石红色，灰白色胎，深剔刻装饰最早源于越窑，流行时段集中在五代至北宋早期。受越窑影响，耀州窑的深剔刻装饰迅速发展，并很快形成自己独特的风格，代表了这一时期深剔刻工艺的最高水平。

This Yaozhou Kiln Green Glaze has a diameter of 3.3 cm and a height of 9.9. The straight mouth is slightly awkward, long neck, belly drum, and foot is slightly outward. The shoulders are curved with tubes, simple geometric lines on the flow, flat mud strips on the other side, and diamond geometry on the handle. The pot belly is decorated with twigs, large flowers and leaves, and has momentum. Using the deep cutting knife method, the outline of the decoration was first drawn on the blank body, and then the ground outside the pattern was dug out with a knife to make the pattern slightly raised. The fetal body is firm, and the fetal color is white and gray. The body is lightly green glaze, glaze green in the gray, glaze surface presents a strong glass texture. The bottom foot exposed tire is Flint red, grayish white tire, deep cutting decoration originated from the kiln, popular period is concentrated in the five generations to the early Northern Song Dynasty. Affected by the kiln, the deep cutting decoration of Yaozhou Kiln developed rapidly and quickly formed its own unique style, representing the highest level of deep cutting process during this period.

耀州窑在今陕西省铜川市的黄堡镇，唐宋时代属耀州治，故名耀州窑。该窑唐代开始烧陶瓷，经五代、宋、金、元几朝。早期（唐代）时主要烧制黑釉、白釉、青釉、茶叶末釉和白釉绿彩、褐彩、黑彩以及三彩陶器等。五代时大量烧制黑釉器，亦有少量精美的白胎青釉瓷器，也就是目前备受瞩目的“准柴窑器”。中期（宋、金）以烧青釉瓷为主。北宋是耀州窑的鼎盛时期，据记载且为朝廷烧造“贡瓷”。后期（金、元）开始衰落，终于元代。  

Yaozhou Kiln is located in Huangbao Town, Tongchuan City, Shaanxi Province. It was ruled by Yaozhou during the Tang and Song Dynasties, hence the name Yaozhou Kiln. The kiln began to burn ceramics in the Tang Dynasty and passed through the Five Dynasties, Song, Jin, and Yuan dynasties. In the early days(Tang Dynasty), black glaze, white glaze, green glaze, tea glaze and white glaze green color, brown color, black color and three-colored pottery were mainly burned. During the Five Dynasties, a large number of black glazes were fired, and there were also a small number of exquisite white glazed porcelain, which is currently the highly regarded "quasi-firewood kiln." In the middle period(Song and Jin), it was mainly burned blue glazed porcelain. The Northern Song Dynasty was the heyday of Yaozhou Kiln. It was recorded and burned "tribute porcelain" for the court. The later period(gold, yuan) began to decline and finally the Yuan Dynasty.

耀州窑为宋代北方著名瓷窑之一,以陕西省铜川市黄堡镇为代表,包括陈炉镇、立地坡、上店、玉华宫及耀县等窑在内。铜川旧称同官,宋时属耀州,因此称耀州窑。耀州窑瓷器以青釉为主,兼烧酱色釉,生活中使用的瓶、壶、罐、盆、碗、钵、托子、熏、炉等几乎无所不备。每类器皿都有多种式样,在宋代瓷窑当中是比较少见的,刻花刚劲有力,刀锋犀利,形成耀州窑独特的风格,为宋代刻花装饰最具代表性的瓷窑；耀州窑的印花装饰也与定窑不同,盘、碗、碟、洗内部印有各种缠枝、折枝花卉及禽鱼等花纹。由于质地及纹饰的精美,耀州瓷成为地方向朝廷常年例贡的贡器。

Yaozhou Kiln is one of the famous porcelain kilns in the north of the Song Dynasty. It is represented by Huangbao Town in Tongchuan City, Shaanxi Province, including the kilns of Chenluo Town, Lidipo, Shangdian, Yuhua Palace and Yaoxian County. Tongchuan was formerly known as the same official, and the Song Dynasty belonged to Yaozhou, so it was called Yaozhou Kiln. Yaozhou kiln porcelain is dominated by green glaze, and it also burns sauce-colored glaze. The bottles, pots, pots, bowls, bowls, saucers, smoked pots, furnaces, etc. used in life are almost all available. Each type of vessel has a variety of styles. It is relatively rare in the porcelain kiln of the Song Dynasty. It has a strong and powerful cutting force and sharp blade, forming a unique style of Yaozhou kiln, and is the most representative porcelain kiln for the decoration of the Song Dynasty. The printing decoration of Yaozhou Kiln is also different from that of Dingyao. Disks, bowls, dishes, and washing are printed with various patterns such as twigs, folded flowers, and poultry fish. Due to the exquisite texture and decoration, Yaozhou porcelain has become a tribute to the imperial court for many years.