精品推荐 树化石

　　树化石又称木化石、硅化木。它是由树木演化而成。大约在1.5亿年前，树木因地质作用(或火山喷发或地壳运动)将其埋入地下，由于处于缺水的干旱环境下，或由于与空气断绝木质不易腐烂，而在漫长的地质作用过程中被二氧化硅交代了木质的纤维结构，并保存了枝干的外形。几经地质变迁，沧海桑田，陆地上升，使这些埋藏地下的树干重见天日。它的木质细胞经矿务填充和代替后，给溶于水中的铁、锰氧化物染上黄、红、紫、黑和淡灰等颜色，就成了今天五彩斑斓、镶金叠玉的树化石。

Tree fossils are also called wood fossils and silicified wood. It evolved from trees. Around 150 million years ago, trees were buried underground by geological processes (volcanic eruptions or crustal movements). Because they were in a dry environment without water, or because they were cut off from the air and wood was not easy to rot, they were replaced by silica during the long geological process, and the shape of branches was preserved. After several geological changes, the vicissitudes of the sea and the uplift of the land, these buried underground trunks are seen again in the sky. After filling and replacing with minerals, its lignin cells stain the iron and manganese oxides dissolved in water with yellow, red, purple, black and light grey colors, thus becoming today's colorful, gold-inlaid and jadeite-inlaid tree fossils.

　　木化石又称硅化木;化学式：SiO·nHO，属隐晶族，硬度：5.5-6.5，比重：2.65-2.66，折射率：1.54—1.55。是地质历史时期的树木经历地质变迁，最后埋藏在地层中，经历地下水的化学交换、填充作用，从而这些化学物质结晶沉积在树木的木质部分，将树木的原始结构保留下来，于是就形成为木化石。硅化木主要生成于中生代时期，以侏罗纪、白垩纪中期最多。

Wood fossils also known as silicified wood; chemical formula: SiO nHO, belongs to cryptocrystalline group, hardness: 5.5-6.5, specific gravity: 2.65-2.66, refractive index: 1.54-1.55. It is during the geological history that trees undergo geological changes. Finally, they are buried in the stratum and undergo chemical exchange and filling of groundwater. As a result, these chemicals crystallize and deposit in the woody part of trees, preserving the original structure of trees and forming wood fossils. Silicified wood was mainly formed in the Mesozoic, most of which were in the middle Jurassic and Cretaceous.

　　古代的树木被包含二氧化硅的水所淹没，木头里的细胞被石英家族的石髓、蛋白石等所置换，所以虽然还保留着木头的外观，但实质上已经是百分之百的石头(石英)了。西方的神秘学家们认为，原本腐烂的木头，在经过石英置换后，竟然变成不朽的宝石，因此，认为木化石具有永恒、长寿、永生的能量特性。通常木化石均有较多裂缝或缺口，还常常有些地方木头化石已被别的物质如玛瑙等填塞置换，这些都是经过漫长岁月形成的自然产物，而非人为填补的结果，亦不应视为瑕疵反而这正是其奇妙之处。

Ancient trees were submerged by water containing silica, and the cells in the wood were replaced by quartz chalcedony and opal, so although the appearance of the wood was retained, it was actually 100% of the stone (quartz). Western mystics believe that the original rotten wood, after quartz replacement, has become an immortal gemstone. Therefore, they believe that wood fossils have the energy characteristics of eternity, longevity and immortality. Usually there are many cracks or gaps in wood fossils. In some places, wood fossils have been filled and replaced by other materials such as agate. These are natural products formed over a long period of time, rather than the result of artificial filling. They should not be regarded as defects. On the contrary, this is the magic of wood fossils.

　　见证亿万年地质变迁，由于硅化木的木质纤维结构甚至细胞结构和树干外形、树皮、年轮、虫洞等特征得以保存，因此它不但可以其材质展示富贵和美丽，还可以其化石的年轮、树皮、节瘤、虫洞、肌理等斑斓多姿的特征记录和见证着亿万年的地质变迁和物种衍化，为人们研究古植物及古生物史以及古代地质和气候变化提供了线索，其产地也被世界上很多国家建设成为硅化木国家公园。

　　Witnessing the geological changes of hundreds of millions of years, because the wood fiber structure of silicified wood, even the cell structure and trunk shape, bark, rings, wormhole and other characteristics can be preserved, it can not only show its material rich and beautiful, but also its fossil rings, bark, nodules, wormhole, texture and other colorful characteristics record and witness the geological changes and species evolution of millions of years. It provides clues for people to study the history of ancient plants and paleontology, as well as ancient geology and climate change. Its origin has also been built into silicified wood National Park in many countries in the world.