网上古玩商城精品推荐19年第10期：宋代耀州窑龙纹瓶

耀州窑在今陕西省铜川市的黄堡镇，唐宋时代属耀州治，故名耀州窑。该窑唐代开始烧陶瓷，经五代、宋、金、元几朝。早期（唐代）时主要烧制黑釉、白釉、青釉、茶叶末釉和白釉绿彩、褐彩、黑彩以及三彩陶器等。五代时大量烧制黑釉器，亦有少量精美的白胎青釉瓷器，也就是目前备受瞩目的“准柴窑器”。中期（宋、金）以烧青釉瓷为主。北宋是耀州窑的鼎盛时期，据记载且为朝廷烧造“贡瓷”。后期（金、元）开始衰落，终于元代。

Yaozhou Kiln is located in Huangbao Town, Tongchuan City, Shaanxi Province. It was under the administration of Yaozhou in Tang and Song Dynasty, so it is called Yaozhou Kiln. The kiln began to burn ceramics in Tang Dynasty, after five dynasties, Song Dynasty, Jin Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty. In the early period (Tang Dynasty), black glaze, white glaze, blue glaze, tea final glaze, white glaze, green color, brown color, black color and tricolor pottery were mainly fired. In the Five Dynasties, a large number of black glaze wares were fired, and a small number of exquisite white bodied celadon wares were also produced, which is the "quasi Chai ware" that has attracted much attention at present. In the middle period (Song Dynasty and Jin Dynasty), celadon porcelain was mainly burned. The Northern Song Dynasty is the heyday of Yaozhou Kiln. According to records, Gong porcelain was made for the court. Later period (Jin, yuan) began to decline, finally Yuan Dynasty.

耀州窑五代青釉瓷的烧造已达到极高的艺术水平。耀州窑在宋代时北方的青釉瓷窑场中最负盛名，堪称翘楚。耀州窑宋代晚期以青釉瓷为主，胎薄质坚，釉面光洁匀静，色泽青幽，呈半透明状，十分淡雅。装饰有刻花、印花，结构严谨丰满，线条自由流畅。纹饰多满布器内外，种类繁多，有牡丹、菊花、莲花、鱼、鸭、人物、龙凤等，风格粗放健美，生动自然。器形有碗、盘、瓶、罐、壶、香炉、香熏、盏托、注子温碗、钵等。

Yaozhou Kiln five generations of blue glaze porcelain firing has reached a very high level of art. Yaozhou Kiln was the most famous blue glaze kiln in the north of the Song Dynasty, and it can be called the leader. Yaozhou Kiln in the late Song Dynasty was mainly celadon, with a thin and solid body, smooth and even glaze, green and quiet color, translucent, very elegant. Decorated with engraved and printed, the structure is rigorous and plump, and the lines are free and smooth. There are many kinds of patterns inside and outside the cloth ware, such as peony, chrysanthemum, lotus, fish, duck, figure, dragon and Phoenix, etc. the style is extensive, healthy, vivid and natural. There are bowls, plates, bottles, pots, kettles, censers, incense sticks, saucers, warm bowls, bowls, etc.

宋代耀州窑是北方青釉瓷的代表，以耀州窑为中心，形成了一个耀州窑系。河南的临汝窑、宝丰窑、宜阳窑、禹县窑、内乡窑、新安城关窑均深受其影响，烧造青釉刻划花、印花瓷器。

Yaozhou Kiln in Song Dynasty is the representative of northern celadon porcelain, with Yaozhou Kiln as the center, forming a Yaozhou Kiln system. Linru kiln, Baofeng kiln, Yiyang kiln, Yuxian kiln, Neixiang kiln and Xin'an Chengguan kiln in Henan Province are all deeply influenced by this kiln. They are used to make blue glaze carving and printing porcelain.

纵观文史千万年，瓷器是中国在世界上的标志之一，自丝绸之路、郑和七下西洋瓷器都起着两邦之交礼仪往来的重要信物。放眼观史，千年云烟，飘飘絮絮，清濛空灵。中国瓷器在国际艺术品投资市场上一直有着不可撼动的地位，深厚的历史文化背景，悠久的制造年代，无人不被那惊心触目的工艺震撼；随着收藏的人群越多，使得瓷器的价格日益走俏。

Throughout the thousands of years of literature and history, porcelain is one of the symbols of China in the world. Since the Silk Road and the seven voyages of Zheng He to the west, porcelain has played an important role in the etiquette exchanges between the two countries. Looking at the history, thousands of years of cloud and smoke, floating catkins, clear and ethereal. China porcelain has always been an unshakable position in the international art investment market, with a profound historical and cultural background and a long manufacturing era, no one is not shocked by the shocking technology; with the collection of more and more people, the price of porcelain is increasingly popular.

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