轩宇艺术古币鉴赏：铜币发展与嘉庆通宝

 

今天，小编来和大家聊聊古钱币中的铜钱，也就是我们所说的方孔圆钱。在古装剧里，我们经常听到一个词，叫做盘缠，而盘缠指的就是这个方孔圆钱，也叫方孔钱。接下来，小编就带大家一窥历史究竟。

Today, Xiaobian came to talk with you about copper coins in ancient coins, which we call square hole coins. In costume dramas, we often hear a word called "tangled" which refers to the square hole money, also known as "square hole money". Next, Xiaobian will give you a glimpse of history.

秦朝时期，古人认为天是圆的，地是方的。于是，秦始皇便以此之说铸造方孔圆钱。秦始皇统一中国后，也统一了货币。废除刀、布、贝等钱币，以“半两”做为货币。即用秦国后来的圆形方孔铜钱，铸文“半两”，重十二铢（一两为二十四铢），称之为重如其文的“半两”铜钱。从此，这种由圆孔环钱演变而来的“半两”，在我国陆续流通了两千多年。

During the Qin Dynasty, the ancients believed that the sky was round and the earth was square. Therefore, Qin Shihuang used this saying to cast square hole round money. After Qin Shihuang unified China, he also unified currency. Abolish knives, cloth, shellfish and other coins and use "half" as currency. That is to say, the circular square-hole copper coin of the Qin Dynasty later was cast in "half two" and weighed twelve baht (one or two is twenty-four baht). It was called "half two" copper coin as its text. From then on, this kind of "half two" evolved from circular hole and ring money has been circulating in China for more than two thousand years.

汉代所铸的方孔钱仍称“半两”，但重量不断减轻。如吕后二年（前186年）减为八铢，文帝五年（前175年）减到一铢以下，称为“荚钱”。武帝建元元年（前140年）又铸三铢钱。并于元狩五年（前118年）废“半两”，改行五铢钱，铸文“五铢”。这种五铢钱从东汉开始使用，各朝沿袭，直到唐武德四年（621年）废止，使用时间长、币值较稳定，成为我国历史上一种重要的钱币。

The square hole money cast in the Han Dynasty was still called "half two", but its weight was decreasing. If the latter two years of Lv (186 years ago) were reduced to eight baht, the fifth year of Emperor Wen (175 years ago) was reduced to less than one baht, which is called "pod money". In the first year of Emperor Wu's reign (140 years ago), he cast three baht coins. In the fifth year of the Yuan Dynasty (118 years ago), he abolished "half two" and changed to "five baht" coins, casting "five baht". Since the Eastern Han Dynasty, the five baht coins have been used in various dynasties until the abolition of Wude in the Tang Dynasty (621). The five baht coins have been used for a long time and their value is relatively stable. They have become an important coin in the history of China.

在小编看到的钱币中，就数年号加通宝此类古铜钱最多。而奠定此类习惯的是由成汉国和唐朝奠定的。中国古代钱币还经常以皇帝年号来命名，亦称“年号钱”。由五胡十六国的成汉国率先铸造。338年，李寿在四川、云南、贵州等地为自立为帝，国号为汉、年号汉兴。开始铸“汉兴钱”。

Among the coins in the minor edition, the number of years such as Jiatongbao is the most. The habits were laid down by the Chenghan and Tang Dynasty. Ancient Chinese coins were often named after the emperor's year number, also known as "year number money". It was first forged by the Chenghan State of the Sixteen Kingdoms of Wuhu. In 338, Li Shou in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and other places for self-reliance as emperor, the country name is Han, year number Hanxing. Start casting "Han Xing Qian".

通宝，是中国唐以后钱币的一种名称，因铸文中有“通宝”字样而得名。在钱币上铸“通宝”字样，起源于唐高祖武德四年（621年）废五铢钱而铸的“开元通宝”。开元通宝重二铢四垒，十枚重一两。从此，铜钱不再是重如其文，以重量来铸名了，改称“通宝”流通。钱币也真正开始成为货币符号，不再以货币自身价值来交换了。以后历代都沿用通宝，并在通宝二字前冠以年号、朝代或国名，铸于币面。如后梁的“开平通宝”、南唐的“大唐通宝”、北宋的“天禧通宝”，辽的“重熙通宝”、金的“大定通宝”、元的“至正通宝”、明的“洪武通宝”、清的“嘉庆通宝”。而辛亥革命后广东、福建等地的“民国通宝”则是我国最晚的通宝钱币。

Tongbao, a name for coins after Tang Dynasty in China, was named after the inscription "Tongbao". The word "Tongbao" was coined on the coin, which originated from the "Kaiyuan Tongbao" coined by Wude, Gaozu of Tang Dynasty, who spent five baht coins in 621. Kaiyuan Tongbao double baht four base, ten weigh one or two. Since then, copper money is no longer as important as its article, casting its name by weight, renamed "Tongbao" circulation. Money has really begun to become a symbol of money, no longer in exchange for its own value. Tongbao has been used in all dynasties since then, and it was coined on the face of the coin with the name of the year, dynasty or country before the word Tongbao. Such as "Kaiping Tongbao" in Houliang, "Datang Tongbao" in Southern Tang Dynasty, "Tianxi Tongbao" in Northern Song Dynasty, "Chongxi Tongbao" in Liao Dynasty, "Dading Tongbao" in Jin Dynasty, "Zhizheng Tongbao" in Yuan Dynasty, "Hongwu Tongbao" in Ming Dynasty, and "Jiaqing Tongbao" in Qing Dynasty. After the Revolution of 1911, "Tongbao of the Republic of China" in Guangdong, Fujian and other places was the latest Tongbao coin in China.

轩宇艺术有幸征得一枚嘉庆通宝，古钱币乃是嘉庆通宝，钱币被历史赋予了铜锈，但仍可从中窥看其信息，钱币外圆内方，正面钤有嘉庆通宝四字，直读，背面镌有满文，标明其铸造局。此钱币现存世量极少，虽然经历了无情岁月的洗礼，但如今依然保存还可以。藏品整体保存完好无缺，有如刀刻所成，铸造工艺神乎其技。

Xuanyu Art has the honor of winning a Jiaqing Tongbao. The ancient coin is Jiaqing Tongbao. The coin has been endowed with copper rust by history, but we can still see its information from it. The four characters of Jiaqing Tongbao are on the front side, read directly, and on the back are Baozhe Manchu, indicating its casting situation. This coin is very few in the world. Although it has experienced the baptism of ruthless years, it can still be preserved today. The collections are well preserved as a whole, just like knife carving, and the casting technology is superb.

而近两年此类古钱币价值更是连连攀高，其中有两点原因，其一因此类古钱币在几年前已被收藏家大量出手收购，所剩无几，其二因由于此类古钱币被大量收购后，市场一度出现断层，再次出现在交易会上，没收藏到的收藏家，都愿以高昂价格将其拍卖得手，因此去年与今年的古钱币在大众的热烈炒作和追求下，其价值连攀高峰。因此，人们逐渐意识到钱币收藏的意义和价值，古钱币的收藏，创造出来了神话般的奇迹，古币虽然早已不再作为钱币在市面上流通使用，但却有着非凡的收藏价值，从而给收藏者带来了意想不到的财富。

In the past two years, the value of such ancient coins has been rising continuously. There are two reasons. One is that such coins have been bought by collectors a few years ago, and there are few left. The other is that after such coins were purchased in large quantities, the market once broke down and appeared again in the trade fairs. Collectors who confiscated them are willing to auction them at high prices. Last year and this year, the value of ancient coins has climbed to its peak under the intense hype and pursuit of the public. Therefore, people gradually realize the significance and value of coin collection. The collection of ancient coins has created a mythical miracle. Although ancient coins are no longer used as coins in the market, they have extraordinary collection value, which brings unexpected wealth to collectors.

丰富艺术生活，传递艺术价值！如果您对此枚古钱币感兴趣，欢迎联系轩宇（广州）艺术传媒有限公司！

Enriching artistic life and transferring artistic value! If you are interested in this group of ancient coins, please contact Xuanyu (Guangzhou) Art Media Co., Ltd.

分享是一种美德，分享是一种快乐，学会分享，快乐他人！

Sharing is a virtue, sharing is a pleasure, learning to share, happy others!

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