古玩行2019精品推荐第12期：蝠纹五子登科花钱

我国古代钱币，品种繁多，除大量的流通币外，还有一种非流通币，俗称“花钱”。花钱主要用来玩赏、装饰、祈福和馈赠等，它以其讲究的用料、高超的工艺、精湛的艺术性以及独特的文物价值和文化价值而成为中国古代钱币的一个类别。花钱有官铸，也有私铸。大者如盆盘，小者似鸡目，有金、银、铜、铁、锡、铝以及其它各种质料，精粗不一，形状多样。有的有图案有文字，有的只有图案没有文字，也有的只有文字而无花纹。

There are many kinds of coins in ancient China. Apart from a large number of circulating coins, there is also a kind of non-circulating coin, commonly known as "spending money". Spending money is mainly used to enjoy, decorate, pray and give gifts. It has become a category of ancient Chinese coins for its exquisite materials, superb workmanship, exquisite artistry and unique cultural relics and cultural values. Spending money has official casting and private casting. The big ones are like pots and pans while the small ones are like chicken eyes. They are made of gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, aluminum and other various materials. They are fine, coarse and varied in shape. Some have patterns with words, some only have patterns without words, and some only have words without patterns.

花钱源于汉代，在早期使用的时候主要是中国民间自娱自乐的一种玩钱。到近代社会都有铸造，其中在明清两代，花钱进入了一个铸造繁荣期，皇宫内也开始铸造花钱，而民间花钱也开始用上等的黄铜做材质。其无论是内容、数量，还是铸造水平都达到了一个新的高度。而且无论什么时代的花钱，它都能从一个侧面反映出当时那个时代的民俗和人们的精神追求。

Spending money originated in the Han Dynasty and was mainly used by Chinese folk to amuse themselves. Foundry was practiced in modern society. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, money was spent in a prosperous period of casting. In the imperial palace, money was also spent. Private money was also made of fine brass. Its content, quantity and casting level have reached a new height. And no matter what time the money is spent, it can reflect from one side the folk customs and people's spiritual pursuit of that time.

我国历代花钱，其文字和图案内容丰富多彩，各具姿容，称它为古代“铜版画”并不过分，是一个十分珍贵的文物宝库。书谱记载达2000多种，主要分为以下几类：一、吉语钱：与祝贺、祝福、颂扬的礼节相关;二、咒语钱：这类花钱与民间占卜、社会习俗相关。如“驱邪降福”等;三、钱文钱：正面是钱文，背面是花纹、图案，有动物、云彩、荷花、龙凤、人物图等;四、生肖钱：正面或背面有十二生肖动物猪、牛、鸡等;五、马钱：是马的图案和文字，有跑马、飞马、八骏图等;六、秘戏钱：是男女合欢图案的花钱。除上述六大类外，还有赐赏钱、镇库钱、开炉钱、雕母钱、洗儿钱、上梁钱、撒账钱等。各种花钱的钱文，可以说是古代书法、文字的大汇集，草、篆、隶各种书体齐备，很多书法是出自苏轼、王庭坚等名家的手笔。一枚“百寿百福”钱，就有“寿”字和“福”字数十种不同书体的写法。另外，如“清白传家”的蝌蚪文，“泉货元神”的九叠篆文等，千奇百怪，举不胜举。

Our country has spent money in past dynasties. Its characters and patterns are rich and colorful, and each has its own features. It is not too much to call it "copperplate etching" in ancient times. It is a very precious treasure house of cultural relics. There are more than 2,000 kinds of books and records, which are mainly divided into the following categories: first, auspicious money: it is related to the etiquette of congratulation, blessing and celebration; Second, incantation money: this kind of money is related to folk divination and social customs. Such as "exorcising evil and reducing happiness". Three, Qian Wen money: the front is Qian Wen, the back is pattern, design, there are animals, clouds, lotus, dragon and phoenix, figure, etc.; Four, zodiac money: there are 12 zodiac animals such as pig, cow and chicken on the front or back; Five, horse money: is the horse's pattern and the writing, has the happy horse, the flying horse, eight fine horses figure and so on; Six, secret play money: it is the money spent on the pattern of acacia trees for men and women. In addition to the above six categories, there are gratuities, town bank money, stove money, carved mother money, money for washing children, money for going to the upper beam, money for scattering accounts, etc. All kinds of expensive Qian Wen can be said to be a great collection of ancient calligraphy and writing, with complete calligraphy styles in cursive, seal script and official script. Many calligraphies were written by famous artists such as Su Shi and Wang Tingjian. A "hundred years of life and a hundred blessings" coin has ten different writing styles of the word "life" and "blessings". In addition, there are many strange things, such as tadpoles of "innocent family heirloom" and nine seal scripts of "spring goods and yuan gods" .

此枚花钱即为花钱中的“吉语钱”，品相完整，包浆古朴厚重，锈色均匀且自然流畅，整体印制规整。该钱币制作精美，寓意吉祥，蕴含着中国传统文化的渗透力，且存世量极少，具有极高的收藏价值与市场价值!

This piece of money is the "lucky money" in spending money. It is complete in appearance, simple and thick in paste, uniform and natural in rust color, and regular in overall printing. This coin is exquisitely made and implies good luck. It contains the penetration of Chinese traditional culture and has a very small amount of money in the world. It has extremely high collection value and market value.

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