重庆际华拍卖有限公司精品推荐：清代象牙称

重庆际华拍卖有限公司

重庆际华拍卖有限公司，是经国务院国有资产监督管理委员会批准,以中国古代、近现代书画、瓷器杂项、玉器翡翠、珠宝珍表、名酒茗茶及各类资产并举的综合性收藏公司。力求参与全国各类慈善义拍，联盟欧洲皇室珍玩及全球社会名流珍藏精品举办专场交易会,将在香港、台湾、新加坡、英国、法国、美国、加拿大、日本等国组织拍品世界巡展交易。

【名称】清代象牙称

【规格】 直径：10.1mm 长：39.7cm

【类别】 杂项

藏品编号【JH975】

两千多年前，我们的先祖就运用杠杆原理发明了木杆秤。尔后，一种学名叫戥子，专门用来称量金、银以及贵重药品和香料的精密衡器随之出现。戥子沿用的是“1斤等于16两”的非十进位制单位，这与大家平时常见的秤有所不同。由于对这种古代能工巧匠发明的衡器情有独钟。方便商人在外经商携带。戥子的造型之所以小巧玲珑，一来是衡量金银等小物件之便，二来是为了方便商贾在外经商时易于携带。旧时，不少非富则贵的商人行走“江湖”时，往往随身带着一把轻便的戥子，逢衡金量银、买卖名贵中药或染料时就能即时派上用场。

象牙及其制品作为商品在我国有悠久的历史，《诗经·鲁颂·泮水》：“元龟象齿，大赂南金。”《左传》曰： “象有齿，以焚其身，贿也。”周朝已有象牙雕刻的行业，《周礼·太宰》记载，周朝的手工业称为“八材”，象牙即八材之一。周代的规定只有诸侯才能持用象笏，唐朝时，五品以下的官员都能持象牙笏。

古秤是古代劳动人民智慧的产物，曾经在人民生活中占据了重要地位。虽然数千年的传统文化被现代高新科技替代而走完了它的全程，但是古秤也是华夏文明的瑰宝之一，刻记着古代商业繁华的历史，收藏古秤便是对古老文化的传承。象牙在古代是一种贵重的材料，用来制作牙雕、假牙、扇子、骰子等。近代用来做装饰品或用具，如牙雕、台球、骰子、钢琴键、麻将、扣子等。塑料出现之后，在众多领域替代了象牙 ，但因为象牙的稀有，一些奢侈品仍然使用象牙。因此象牙称一直以来不仅仅是使用价值极其普遍，更是身份地位的象征。

传说过往的祖先们观察星象总结出：北斗七星、南斗六星、再加上旁边的福、禄、寿三星，一共是十六颗星。北斗七星主亡，南斗六星主生，而福、禄、寿三星分别主人一生的福、禄、寿，它们每时每刻都在注视着世人的一切。这就是所说：人在做，天在看。所以，所以古秤不仅仅是用在物品的称量上更是为人为商所不可或缺的标尺，具有很深的研究价值。

此藏品为清代象牙杆秤，由亚洲象象牙制作而成。象主要产于非洲与亚洲的印度、泰国、缅甸等地。亚洲象体型小于非洲象，且只有雄象才有象牙，牙型一般较小，一般呈较致密的白色，加工较柔软。亚洲象属长鼻目象科象属，是亚洲现存最大的陆生动物。亚洲象是我国I级重点保护野生动物，被国际自然和自然资源保护联盟（IUCN）列为濒危物种。目前，国内的亚洲象分布在云南省临沧市、普洱市和西双版纳州，数量不足250头。此清代象牙杆秤由木器秤盒和铜器秤盘及象牙秤杆组成，秤杆与秤盘藏身于一个小木盒里，其外形似琵琶，外观无雕刻花纹。称杆，由质重性韧的象牙打造而成，其上刻有十六个刻度，每个刻度代表一两，每一两用一颗星来表示。整体的包浆很好有古韵，表面皮壳老化磨损程度到位，具有一种年代的沧桑感，时间虽久，但东西品相尚佳，可见此秤之珍贵。

制作一个象牙秤要经过十几道工序，工艺繁复，特别是有的要在直径几毫米的秤杆上完成打眼、钻孔、穿纽等工序，精湛制作工艺令人惊叹，我们在感受古人智慧和才能的同时还能够体会到他们的精神世界。时间的更替使不少文物都湮没在历史的尘埃中，象牙称更是难得一见，收藏价值不可估量。

Chongqing JiHua auction co. LTD

Chongqing Jihua Auction Co., Ltd. is a comprehensive collection company approved by the state owned assets supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council, which combines ancient and modern Chinese calligraphy and painting, porcelain miscellaneous, jade jade, precious jewelry watch, famous wine, tea and various assets. Strive to participate in all kinds of charity auction nationwide, hold a special fair for European royal family treasures and global celebrities' treasures, and organize auction World Tour trade in Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore, Britain, France, the United States, Canada, Japan and other countries. 

[Name] Ivory name in Qing Dynasty

[Specification] Diameter: 10.1mm length: 39.7cm

[Category] miscellaneous

NO.[JH975]

More than two thousand years ago, our ancestors used the lever principle to invent the wooden scale. After that, a kind of precision weighing instrument, which is called "Jianzi", was developed to weigh gold, silver, precious drugs and spices. "One Jin is equal to 16 Liang" is a non decimal unit, which is different from the usual scale. Because of this kind of weighing apparatus invented by the ancient craftsman, I like it very much. It is convenient for businessmen to carry around. The reason why the shape of Jianzi is small and exquisite is that it is convenient to measure small objects such as gold and silver, and it is convenient for merchants to carry when they are doing business abroad. In the old days, many businessmen who were not rich but were expensive took a light one with them when they were wandering in the "Jianghu". When they were trading precious Chinese medicine or dyestuff, they could use it immediately.

Ivory and its products have a long history as commodities in China. The book of songs · Lu Song · Pan Shui: "the tortoise in the Yuan Dynasty is like a tooth, and the Southern Gold is bribed." "Zuo Zhuan" said: "like teeth, to burn his body, bribery also." There was an industry of ivory carving in the Zhou Dynasty. According to the records of Zhouli taizai, the handicraft industry of the Zhou Dynasty was called "eight materials", and ivory was one of the eight materials. In the Zhou Dynasty, only the princes could hold the elephant wat. In the Tang Dynasty, officials under the five grades could hold the ivory wat.

The ancient scale is the product of the wisdom of the ancient working people, once occupied an important position in people's life. Although thousands of years of traditional culture has been replaced by modern high-tech and completed its whole journey, ancient scale is also one of the treasures of Chinese civilization. It is engraved with the prosperous history of ancient commerce. Collecting ancient scale is the inheritance of ancient culture. Ivory is a kind of valuable material in ancient times, which is used to make ivory carvings, dentures, fans, dice, etc. In modern times, it was used to make decorations or utensils, such as ivory carvings, billiards, dice, piano keys, mahjong, buttons, etc. After the emergence of plastics, ivory has been replaced in many fields, but because of its rarity, ivory is still used in some luxury goods. Therefore, ivory is not only widely used, but also a symbol of status.

It is said that the ancestors observed the stars and concluded that: the Big Dipper seven stars, the Big Dipper six stars, plus the nearby three stars of Fu, Lu and Shou, there are sixteen stars in all. The seven stars of the Big Dipper are dead, the six stars of the South dipper are born, and the three stars of Fu, Lu and Shou are respectively the masters of Fu, Lu and Shou in their whole lives. They are looking at everything in the world all the time. That is to say: man is doing, and heaven is watching. Therefore, the ancient scale is not only used in the weighing of goods, but also an indispensable scale for human commerce, which has a deep research value.

This collection is made of ivory from Asian elephant in Qing Dynasty. Elephants are mainly produced in India, Thailand, Myanmar and other places in Africa and Asia. The size of Asian elephant is smaller than that of African elephant, and only the male elephant has ivory. The tooth type is generally smaller, generally dense and white, with soft processing. Asiatic elephant is the largest terrestrial animal in Asia. Asiatic elephant is one of the most important protected wild animals in China, which is listed as endangered by IUCN. At present, the number of domestic Asian elephants is less than 250 in Lincang, Pu'er and Xishuangbanna of Yunnan Province. The ivory scale in Qing Dynasty consists of wooden scale box, bronze scale plate and ivory scale rod. The scale rod and scale plate are hidden in a small wooden box, which looks like a lute and has no carving pattern. The scale bar is made of heavy and tough ivory, with 16 scales engraved on it. Each scale represents one or two, and each one is represented by a star. The overall coating is very good with ancient charm, and the aging and wear degree of the surface crust is in place. It has a sense of vicissitudes of time. Although the time is long, the East and West products are still good, which shows the value of this scale.

It takes more than ten processes to make an ivory scale. The process is complex, especially some processes such as drilling holes, drilling holes, and threading buttons on the scale bar with a diameter of several millimeters. The exquisite production process is amazing. We can feel the wisdom and talent of the ancients and also experience their spiritual world. With the change of time, many cultural relics are buried in the dust of history. Ivory is even more rare, and its collection value is immeasurable.