特别推荐第五期：古币大典

中国古代钱币历史悠久，源远流长，品种纷繁，多姿多彩，是中华民族传统文化的瑰宝。几千年来中国的货币文化，凝聚着中华民族的智慧与才华，创造出自成系统、光彩夺目、独具特色的东方货币文化。

Ancient Chinese coins have a long history, a long history, a variety of varieties, colorful, is the treasure of traditional Chinese culture. For thousands of years, China's currency culture has condensed the wisdom and talent of the Chinese nation and created a systematic, dazzling and unique Oriental currency culture.

 

中国古代钱币萌芽于夏代，起源于殷商，发展于东周，统一于秦代。在形成和经过了不断的演变中，货币的制作技术得到了更好的发展，古钱币的形态也基本固定。近几年钱币再度受到人们的关注，人们不仅能够学习到中国颇具特色的钱币之学，还能了解中华上下五千年的朝代变更。

Ancient Chinese coins originated in Xia Dynasty, Shang Dynasty, Eastern Zhou Dynasty and Qin Dynasty. In the process of formation and evolution, the production technology of money has been better developed, and the form of ancient money is basically fixed. In recent years, people pay more and more attention to coins. People can not only learn the Chinese characteristic coins, but also understand the five thousand years of dynasty changes in China.

 

中国是世界上最早使用货币的国家之一，在中国的汉字中，凡与价值有关的字，大都有“贝”。由此可见，贝是我国最早的货币。

China is one of the first countries in the world to use currency. In Chinese characters, most of the characters related to value are "Bei". It can be seen that Bei is the earliest currency in China.

 

一化：

先秦四大货币体系之一的圆钱，是一种圆形圆孔的钱币，它起源于古代的纺轮或玉璧。由于其制造简单，携带方便，较之刀布类货币有更大的优越性，故而被战国时社会经济较为发达的魏国首先采用，发展到后来，地处边陲的强秦又把这种圆钱逐步演变成圆形方孔的形制，这在当时是货币变革的一大进步。到了战国末期，北方的燕国大约是在燕昭王以后受案国方孔钱实用性的影响，而仿其形制铸造了“一化”、“明化”等方孔钱，这些钱的出现，表明了金属铸币开始进入并接受方孔钱这种形式先进的时期。

Oneness:

Yuan Qian, one of the four major monetary systems in the Pre-Qin Dynasty, is a kind of round hole coin, which originated from the ancient spinning wheel or jade Bi. Because of its simple manufacture and convenient carrying, it has more advantages than knife cloth currency. Therefore, it was first adopted by Wei state, which was more developed in social economy during the Warring States period. Later, qiangqin, which was located in the border area, gradually changed this kind of round money into the shape of round square holes, which was a great progress in currency reform at that time. By the end of the Warring States period, the northern state of Yan was influenced by the practicality of the square hole coins of the case state after the king of Yan Zhaowang, and imitated its form to cast square hole coins such as "Yihua" and "Minghua". The appearance of these coins indicated that the metal coins began to enter and accept the first time of square hole coins.

 

秦半两：

秦始皇统一全国后，将秦国的币制推行于全国，以黄金为上币，单位为镒，即二十两，以铜钱为下币，即"半两"钱。黄金之所以为上币，是限于大数目的支付，如帝王的赏赐。而日常的民间交易，则用"半两"钱，秦代"半两"钱的出现，标志着中国金属货币进入一个新的时期，即重量名称和货币名称统一的记重货币。

Qin banliang:

After the first emperor of Qin unified the whole country, he carried out the currency system of the state of Qin throughout the country, taking gold as the upper currency, the unit of which was Li, that is, twenty Liang, and copper money as the lower currency, that is, half Liang. The reason why gold is used as currency is that it is limited to a large number of payments, such as the emperor's reward. However, the emergence of "half Liang" money in the Qin Dynasty marks a new era of Chinese metal currency, that is, the heavy currency with the same name of weight and currency.

汉代五铢钱:

汉王朝建立以后，于武帝元狩五年(公元前118年)开始铸五铢钱。一直到隋灭唐兴，五铢钱才消亡。五铢钱是中国历史上使用得最久、最成功的一种钱币。就其重量来说，五铢钱是标准货币，即使在唐武德四年宣布停止五铢的使用后，新钱的重量仍以五铢为标准。

Five baht coins in Han Dynasty:

After the establishment of the Han Dynasty, wuzhu coins were cast in the fifth year of Yuanshou (118 BC). It was not until the end of the Sui Dynasty and the rise of the Tang Dynasty that the five baht money died out. Five baht coin is the longest used and most successful coin in Chinese history. As far as its weight is concerned, the five baht coin is the standard currency. Even after Tang Wude announced to stop the use of the five baht coin in four years, the weight of the new coin is still based on the five baht coin.

唐代开元通宝:

《旧唐书·食货志》记载:"(唐)高祖即位，仍用隋之五铢钱。武德四年(621)七月，废五铢钱，行开元通宝钱，径八分，重二铢四絫，积十文重一两，一千文重六斤四两。""钱"从此成为重量单位，十钱一两的进位制由此诞生了。"开元"通宝常让我们望文生义，认为唐玄宗开元年间铸造，其实"开元"的意思是"开创新纪元"的意思;"通宝"是"在国内通行宝货"的意思。开元通宝钱的问世，结束了自西汉以来延续七百余年以重量五铢命名铸币的传统，开创了通宝、元宝钱体系，自唐朝起，钱币就不再以重量为名称了，而改称"宝"，或通宝、或元宝、或重宝、或其他什么宝。自武德四年铸行开元通宝钱起，至1916年"洪宪通宝"止，通宝、元宝钱体系沿用了近一千三百年，其生命力之长久，在世界货币史上罕见。

Tang Dynasty Kaiyuan Tongbao:

According to the book of the old Tang Dynasty, the history of food and goods, "when Emperor Gaozu ascended the throne, he still used the five baht money of Sui Dynasty. In July of the fourth year of Wude's reign (621), Wu Zhu Qian was abolished and Yuan Tongbao Qian was issued, which was eight Fen in diameter, two baht and four Fen in weight, ten Wen and one or two thousand Wen and six Jin and four Liang in weight. "Money" has become a unit of weight since then, and the carry system of "ten money one or two" has been born. "Kaiyuan" Tongbao often let us live up to its original meaning. It is believed that the meaning of "Kaiyuan" is "Kaiyuan era of innovation", and "Tongbao" is "treasure in China". The invention of Kaiyuan Tongbao coin ended the tradition of naming coins with five baht in weight for more than 700 years since the Western Han Dynasty, and created the Tongbao and Yuanbao coin system. Since the Tang Dynasty, coins no longer took the name of weight, but changed to "Bao", or Tongbao, or Yuanbao, or chongbao, or other treasures. From the founding of Kaiyuan Tongbao coin in the fourth year of Wude to the "Hongxian Tongbao" in 1916, Tongbao and Yuanbao coin systems have been in use for nearly 1300 years. Their long-term vitality is rare in the history of world currency.

宋代钱币：

宋朝是中国古代历史上经济、文化教育与科学创新高度繁荣的时代，钱币的铸造也是受到很大的重视和发展。宋代古钱是中国古钱发展最好一个时期，他也是中国一个朝代年号钱最多的，铸币文字与书法艺术相辉映，从北宋到南宋时期跨越时间大，钱币版别最复杂，是研究钱币版别和品种的最好资料

Coins of Song Dynasty:

Song Dynasty is an era of high prosperity of economy, culture, education and scientific innovation in ancient Chinese history, and the casting of coins is also highly valued and developed. Ancient money in Song Dynasty is the best period for the development of ancient money in China. It also has the most number of money in a dynasty. The coinage characters and calligraphy art reflect each other. From the Northern Song Dynasty to the Southern Song Dynasty, the time span is large, and the currency version is the most complex. It is the best material for studying the currency version and variety

 

元朝钱币：

元朝是以行钞为主，相传元世祖忽必烈建都上都城后，曾想仿效宋朝以铜钱为主要流通货币，但有大臣劝阻道：“铜钱乃华夏阳明政权之用，我们起于北方草原地区，属于幽阴之地，不能和华夏阳明之区相比，我国适用纸币。”忽必烈认为有理，便决定用纸钞而不用铜钱了。

Yuan coins:

The Yuan Dynasty was dominated by banknotes. It is said that after the founding of the capital, Kublai Khan, the emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, wanted to follow the example of the Song Dynasty in which copper money was the main currency. However, some ministers dissuaded him: "copper money is the use of the Yangming regime in China. We started in the northern grassland area, which is a secluded place. We can't compare it with the Yangming District in China. Paper money is suitable in China." Kublai Khan thought it was reasonable, so he decided to use paper money instead of copper money.

 

明代钱币：

明代初期，明太祖朱元璋于洪武元年（公元1368年）命京城（南京）工部宝源局及各省宝泉局铸行“洪武通宝”，由工部主管铸钱，下设宝源局。朱元璋为避讳元朝的元字，把所铸之钱钱文一律叫通宝而不叫元宝，而不只是为避讳他自己的名字，以后所铸之钱也都没有元宝钱文。洪武通宝钱制沿续元末朱元璋所铸“大中通宝”的形制，分为五等，规定小

Ming coins:

In the early Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming Dynasty, ordered Baoyuan Bureau of the Ministry of industry of the capital (Nanjing) and Baoquan Bureau of all provinces to cast "Hongwu Tongbao" in the first year of Hongwu (1368 AD). The Ministry of industry was in charge of casting money and set up Baoyuan Bureau. In order to avoid the yuan characters of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang called all the money and articles cast as Tongbao instead of Yuanbao, not only to avoid his own name, but also no money and articles cast in the future. The money system of Hongwu Tongbao is based on the shape of "Dazhong Tongbao" cast by Zhu Yuanzhang at the end of the successive Yuan Dynasty, which is divided into five grades, with small regulations

清代钱币：

清朝货币中清代前期京师是全国的金融中心。特点是各地使用的货币并不统一，尤其是各省铸造的铜钱，只在本地流通，因此各省对货币调整的措施具有本地特色，且在同一时期内，各地又有不同。

Coins of Qing Dynasty:

The capital was the financial center of the whole country in the early Qing Dynasty. The characteristics are that the currencies used in different regions are not unified, especially the copper coins cast in each province, which are only circulated locally. Therefore, the measures taken by each province to adjust the currency have its own characteristics, and in the same period, different regions have different characteristics.

民国钱币：

众所周知，民国时期，是我国承上启下的一个特殊时期，混乱是在这个的时期

二话题，军阀割据、政治不稳等使得这个时代文化差异很大。钱币是统治阶梯在经济领域的重要工具，但是由于民国的特殊性，使得这一时期的钱币具有不同于其他钱币的独特性。

Coins of the Republic of China:

As we all know, the period of the Republic of China is a special period connecting the preceding and the following. Chaos is the only topic in this period. The separation of warlords and political instability make the cultural differences of this era very big. Money is an important tool of ruling ladder in the economic field, but because of the particularity of the Republic of China, the money in this period is different from other coins.

 

 

 

 

郑州臻哲网络科技有限公司

Zhengzhou Zhen Zhe Network Technology Co., Ltd.

咨询热线：4006863616

Hotline: 4006863616