古玩城2020精品推荐第八期：清早期黄花梨文房小书柜

黄花梨实为呈黄褐色的“花梨”或“花榈”。是明清硬木家具的主要用材，以心材呈黄褐色者为好。明、清时考究的木器家具都选“黄花梨”制造，其纹理或隐或现，色泽不静不喧，被视作上乘佳品，备受明清匠人宠爱，特别是明清盛世的文人、士大夫之族对家具的审美情趣更使得这一时期的黄花梨家具卓而不群，无论从艺术审美、还是人工学的角度来看都无可挑剔，可称为世界家具艺术中的珍品。

Huanghua pear is actually a yellow-brown "flower pear" or "flower palm". It is the main material of hardwood furniture in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and it is better to use the yellow-brown heartwood. The exquisite wooden furniture in Ming and Qing Dynasties was made of "Huanghua Pear". Its texture was hidden or present, and its color was not quiet or loud. It was regarded as a superior product, which was favored by craftsmen in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Especially, the aesthetic taste of literati and scholar-officials in Ming and Qing Dynasties made Huanghua Pear furniture outstanding in this period, which was impeccable in terms of artistic aesthetics and artificial science, and could be called a treasure in the world furniture art.

黄花梨木材的名贵程度仅次于紫檀木(因产地范围比紫檀小得多，产量极少，又因市场炒作，黄花梨价格已远远将紫檀甩在之后，高其数十倍)，是因为黄花梨木的木性极为稳定，不管寒暑都不变形、不开裂、不弯曲，有一定的韧性，适合作各种异形家具，如三弯腿，其弯曲度很大，惟黄花梨木才能制作，其它木材较难胜任。

The precious degree of huanghuali wood is second only to rosewood (because the producing area is much smaller than rosewood, the output is very small, and because of market speculation, the price of huanghuali has been far behind rosewood, which is dozens of times higher), because the wood property of huanghuali wood is extremely stable, no matter whether it is cold or hot, it does not deform, crack or bend, and it has certain toughness. It is suitable for all kinds of special-shaped furniture, such as three curved legs, which have great bending degree, but huanghuali wood.

黄花梨木色金黄而温润，心材颜色较深呈红褐色或深褐色，有屡角的质感。黄花梨木的比重较轻，可能比红木(酸枝木)还要轻工一些，放入水中呈半沉状态，也就是不全沉入水中也不全浮于水面。黄花梨木的纹理很清晰，如行云流水，非常美丽。最特别的是，木纹中常见的有很多木疖，这些木疖亦很平整不开裂，呈现出狐狸头、老人头及老人头毛发等纹理，美丽可人，即为人们常说的“鬼脸儿”。明代及清代早期制作高档的家具大多是用黄花梨木所制，由于前朝过量采伐而使得清代中期以前黄花梨木材急剧减少及至濒临灭绝，所以后来采用红木代替。从已出版的明清家具资料看，黄花梨木有大材，宽半米、长两米的独板平头案都可以见到。

Huanghuali is golden and warm in wood color, and its heartwood is dark reddish brown or dark brown, with a texture of repeated corners. The specific gravity of huanghuali wood is lighter, which may be lighter than mahogany (rosewood), and it is semi-submerged when put into water, that is, it is not completely submerged or floating on the water surface. The texture of huanghuali wood is very clear, like flowing clouds and flowing water, which is very beautiful. The most special thing is that there are many wooden pits in the wood grain. These wooden pits are smooth and not cracked, showing the texture of fox head, old man's head and old man's head hair. They are beautiful and lovely, which is what people often call "grimace". Most of the high-grade furniture made in Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty was made of huanghuali wood. Because of excessive logging in the former Dynasty, the huanghuali wood decreased sharply before the mid-Qing Dynasty, and was on the verge of extinction, so mahogany was used instead. According to the published furniture materials of Ming and Qing Dynasties, huanghuali wood has great timber, and the flat head case with a width of half a meter and a length of two meters can be seen.

此清早期黄花梨文房小书柜，此黄花梨小书柜为文房之用，苏州工，材质用的是上等海黄油梨，品像完好无损，尺寸:高60cm，长39.6cm，宽20cm。清早期的造型风格，选优质黄花梨木精制而成，黄花梨纹理因其不为板状而有掩丽质，烘托出了这件文房小书柜清雅的姿色。造型敦实厚重，沉稳大方，繁缛纤细，雕工细腻，纹饰伴底。透雕图案玲珑剔透，刀法精密，构图疏密有致，观赏性极高。弧度夸张，线条流畅，给人以敦实牢固之感。格调高贵，气派十足。此小书柜材美工精，制作于清早期文化气息浓厚的顶峰时代，是一件具有极高的收藏与研究价值的黄花梨制品。

This small bookcase of huanghuali study in the early Qing Dynasty was used for study. It was made of first-class Haihuang avocado. The product was intact. The size: 60cm high, 39.6cm long and 20cm wide. In the early Qing Dynasty, the style was refined from high-quality Huanghua pear wood. The texture of Huanghua pear is not plate-shaped and has beautiful quality, which sets off the elegant beauty of this small bookcase. The sculpt is solid and heavy, steady and generous, complicated and slender, and the carving is exquisite, with decorative patterns on the bottom. The openwork design is exquisite and exquisite, the knife technique is precise, the composition is dense and has a high ornamental value. The radian is exaggerated and the lines are smooth, giving people a solid and firm feeling. The style is noble and full of style. This small bookcase, made in the peak period of the early Qing Dynasty with strong cultural atmosphere, is a huanghuali product with high collection and research value.

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