精品钱币赏析：咸丰重宝

【藏品名称】：咸丰重宝

[collection name]: Xianfeng treasure

【藏品类别】：钱币

Collection category: Coins

【藏品简介】：中国币制的演变发展历经风雨，清代咸丰朝是我国历史上继王莽之后，又一币制混乱时期。咸丰统治时期，正是大清王朝的多事之秋，内有太平天国运动兴起，外有英法联军步步侵略，然而清政府税收猛减，饷需繁重，铜路梗塞，国库空虚，更是雪上添霜。《光绪顺天府志》载：“咸丰三年，军旅数起，饷需支拙，东南道路梗阻，滇铜不至，刑部尚书周祖培，大理寺卿恒春，御史蔡绍洛先后条陈钱法，请改铸大钱，以充度支”。咸丰帝令户部落实铸大钱之议，于咸丰三年(1853年)五月，先铸当十钱一种，钱文“咸丰重宝”，重量六钱，规定与制钱相辅而行。此后铸大钱之举一发不可收，蔓及全国29个铸钱局，自此钱法大乱。

[introduction to collections]: the evolution and development of China's currency system has gone through wind and rain. Xianfeng Dynasty in Qing Dynasty is another period of currency system chaos after Wang Mang in Chinese history. During the reign of Xianfeng, it was the eventful autumn of the Qing Dynasty, with the rise of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom movement inside and the gradual invasion of the British and French allied forces outside. However, the Qing government's tax revenue was sharply reduced, the pay was heavy, the copper road was blocked, and the Treasury was empty, which made the snow worse《 It is recorded in shuntianfu annals of Guangxu: "in the third year of Xianfeng, the army had several cases, the payment needed to be poor, the southeast road was blocked, and Yunnan copper was not available. Zhou Zupei, Minister of the Ministry of punishment, Hengchun, Minister of Dali temple, and CAI shaoluo, the imperial censor, successively stated the method of money, and asked to cast big money to fully support it.". In May 1853, Emperor Xianfeng ordered the tribe to cast ten coins first, which were written as "Xianfeng treasure" and weighed six coins. The regulations were complementary to the making of coins. Since then, the act of casting a large sum of money could not be collected, and the whole country's 29 coin casting bureaus have been involved. Since then, the money law has been in chaos.

继咸丰“当十”钱出笼后，当年即先后增铸“当五十”、“当百”、“当五百”、“当千”四种大钱;次年又马不停蹄地接着鼓铸其它较小面额的制钱，从而迅速形成了由“当四”到“当千”14品大钱组成的币值格局。总体而言，咸丰大钱版式之复杂，为历朝所罕见，马定祥父子和徐渊先生编写的《咸丰泉汇》一书，共刊载不同版别咸丰方孔钱4000余种，且还不包括散落在民间收藏者手中不同版别的咸丰钱。《东华录》载：“当五百与当千大钱于咸丰四年二月始铸，然大钱一出，盗铸蜂起，虽禁以弃市之律，不能止，不得不逐步停铸，乃于同年七月即停铸收回当五百当千大钱，并不能行用矣”。可见当五百当千大钱因民间通行不畅，贬值严重而减少铸额。直到咸丰九年(1859年)，清政府不得不彻底停铸大钱，并把咸丰当五十以上大钱兑换回收，不再流通。是谓咸丰大钱版式纷杂却铸额不多，其祖钱，母钱及样钱，均为极难得之物。

After Xianfeng's "Dangshi" coins came out, four kinds of coins were successively added in that year, namely "dang50", "dangbai", "dang500" and "Dangqian"; In the following year, they kept on casting other small denominations of coins, which quickly formed a pattern of currency value composed of 14 large coins from "dangsi" to "Dangqian". On the whole, the complex format of Xianfeng coins is rare in all dynasties. The book Xianfeng Quanhui, written by Ma Dingxiang and his son and Mr. Xu Yuan, contains more than 4000 kinds of Xianfeng fangkong coins in different editions, not including Xianfeng coins scattered in the hands of folk collectors《 According to donghualu, "when five hundred and one thousand coins began to be cast in February of the fourth year of Xianfeng, however, when the big money came out, there was an upsurge of stealing and casting. Although it was forbidden by the law of abandoning the market, it had to stop casting gradually, but in July of the same year, it stopped casting and recovered when five hundred and one thousand coins, which could not be used.". It can be seen that when 500 when 1000 big money due to private traffic is not smooth, serious devaluation and reduce the amount of casting. Until the ninth year of Xianfeng (1859), the Qing government had to stop casting big money completely, and converted Xianfeng into more than 50 big money, which was no longer in circulation. It is said that the format of Xianfeng's big money is complicated, but the amount of money cast is not much. Its ancestral money, mother money and sample money are extremely rare.

此枚咸丰重宝当十母币（注：图片完全根据实物拍摄）包浆自然老化，藏品保存完好，有轻微磨损和氧化程度。咸丰重宝代表了中国近代的货币文化，反映了我国近代历史、经济、金融的兴衰和沧桑，具有很高的艺术观赏价值和文物价值，也具有一定的保值和升值功能。目前民间留存的咸丰重宝数量已经不多，而且收藏风险较小，非常适合投资和收藏。

This ten mother coin of Xianfeng heavy treasure (Note: the picture is completely based on the real object) is naturally aged, and the collection is well preserved with slight wear and oxidation. Xianfeng treasure represents the currency culture of modern China, reflects the rise and fall of China's modern history, economy and finance, has a high artistic value and cultural relic value, and also has a certain function of value preservation and appreciation. At present, the number of Xianfeng treasures retained by the people is small, and the collection risk is small, which is very suitable for investment and collection.