寥若晨星-追溯四川银币与光绪元宝的历程1

寥若晨星-追溯四川银币与光绪元宝的历程

 

 

北洋是现在天津地区的旧称，在清朝时被称为直隶省。北洋机器局(又称军火机器总局、天津机器制造局)是中国早期的现代化兵工厂，由北洋三口通商大臣崇厚等人于1867年创办，1870年由李鸿章接办。光绪十三年(1887年)，李鸿章在天津创建附属于北洋机器局的机器铸钱局（宝津局），铸造机制铜钱，铸币设备部分来自北洋机器局，部分从英国进口。光绪二十一年(1895年)，清政府准许各省仿铸西式银币，时任北洋大臣的王文韶令北洋机器局试铸银币，于光绪二十二年(1896年)七月铸造了一套主币以圆为单位、面额为壹圆、伍角、贰角、壹角、半角五枚一套五等币值的银币,系北洋机器局的初铸银币。而从光绪二十五年起，所铸之龙银改为计重制，并将 “大清北洋机器局造”改为“北洋造”三字，背面改为蟠龙图。光绪二十七年李鸿章卒死，由袁世凯继任北洋大臣，便决定筹设银元专局，在光绪二十八年十月落成，因为我国的辽宁、河北及山东等沿海各省泛称为“北洋”，所以名为 “北洋铸造银元总局”。 北洋的银元发展历程映衬着中国晚清货币政策的进与退，每一次断档也刻录着一次历史的颠簸。北洋铸币厂所铸造的光绪元宝为数不多，流通于世的相对其他元宝的数量也较少，随着时光的流逝也在大量的遗失。

在1911年，腐败的清朝政府假借铁路国有化名义，将民办川汉、粤汉筑路权出让给英法德美四国银行团。此举动激起全国各地人民的反对，四川省反响尤为强烈。当时数十万人参加了保路同志军。在武昌起义，随后各省先后宣布独立，保路军包围了成都。赵尔丰控制不住四川的局面，只得将政权交给四川保路运动的领导人蒲殿俊等立宪派人士。于是，四川省也宣告独立，成立了“大汉四川军政府”，并接管成都造币分厂。为扩充军需，铸造发行了这种“汉”字银币。

在民国十四年（1925）邓锡侯、田颂尧、刘文辉三军联合逐走杨森，进入成都后，邓锡侯接管造币厂，即步杨森后尘，全铸半元与壹圆银币。由于邓锡侯独占造币厂，引起刘文辉不满。刘文辉遂收买造币厂制模工匠，为其雕模，在其防区雅安开铸银币。川中军阀尽皆仿效，刘部旅长刘元塘在会理、邓部李家钰在成都忠烈祠、城隍庙及遂宁防区、谢德勘在成都外南倒桑树街、罗泽洲在顺庆、邓国璋在郫县、黄逸民在灌县、扬荣向在金堂、陈书农在合川、田部何瞻如在安县、曾南夫在三桥南街纷纷开厂铸币。据小编了解到的数据不完全统计，当时川中军阀铸币之所多达28处。其铸伍角与壹圆币，且成色低下，含银竟有低至30%--50%者，高的也不足75%。故四川民间为区别之，称前成都造币厂所铸伍角与壹圆币为“厂版或者原版”，称各地军阀设厂所铸伍角与壹圆币为“杂版”。

与孙像开国纪念币和袁像银元比起来，军政府造四川铜币流通范围较窄，发行量与存世量自然无法与前二者相比。由于这个原因，接触川洋的人比较少，研究者更少。但这并不表示川洋的研究价值和市场价值不高，向来经济规律和收藏首要以“物以稀为贵”定律为标准。作为特殊历史时期、地方政权的特殊货币，军政府货币具有军用货币和民用货币的双重职能，是历史的产物，具有不可替代的文物价值，是历史的见证。

近日天翼文化有幸征集到一组银币：

 

第一枚为北洋造光绪元宝，由图可见钱币钱面：珠圈内满汉文“光绪元宝”，圈外上环“北洋造"，下环“库平七钱二分”，左右各一圆点心。钱背：中心为蟠龙图，上下环英文，左侧有阿拉伯数字“34”，左右各一圆点心。

“龙洋”是银元中的开山鼻祖，是中国最早的银元，相当于人民币收藏中的第一套人民币。另外龙在中国传统文化中是权势、高贵、尊荣的象征。在收藏品中，龙是最出名的，关于龙的藏品最为丰富，升值空间最大。

 

第二三枚为四川军政府造壹圆钱币，钱币正面珠圈内镌有“四川银币”四字，中心作海棠花一小朵，珠圈外上环镌有其铸造局“军政府造”，下环镌有币值“壹圆”，背面用十八小圈绕一大圈，圈内篆文汉字，以直线纹为底。上环镌有发现年间“中华民国元年”。 藏品虽经历了无穷岁月，但纹路依然清晰可见，也见证了其历史的积淀，具有非常明显的历史过渡性特征，有着难以言喻的价值。

清代货币、纸钞、铜币并行，至嘉庆年间发行新式银元，而光绪年间铸行金、银币更多，洋务运动也影响到铸币业，此组钱币充分展现了清朝钱币的各类特征，品相极好，纹饰清晰。长期以来，钱币在古玩交易市场上价格一直稳步攀升，表现出良好的保值增值功能，其潜在的投资价值不可低估。钱币代表了中国近代的货币文化，反映了我国近代历史、经济、金融的兴衰和沧桑，其保存较好，质量甚佳，乃一组可遇不可求的钱币收藏精品，具有颇高的历史价值、投资价值和艺术观赏价值，值得珍藏。

 

 

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Beiyang is the old name of tianjin area, which was called zhili province in the qing dynasty.Beiyang machinery bureau (also known as the general bureau of arms machinery and tianjin machinery manufacturing bureau) was an early modern Arsenal in China. It was founded in 1867 by chonghou, minister of commerce of beiyang three companies, and succeeded by li hongzhang in 1870.In the thirteenth year of guangxu reign (1887), li hongzhang set up the machine casting money bureau (baojin bureau) in tianjin, which was attached to beiyang machinery bureau. It cast copper COINS with machinery, and the coinage equipment was partly imported from beiyang machinery bureau and partly imported from Britain.Guangxu 21 years (1895 years), the qing government to allow the provinces cast western-style silver, then minister of beiyang Wang Wenshao makes peiyang machine bureau ShiZhu silver COINS, Yu Guangxu twenty-two years (1896) in July for the unit with the round casting a set of standard currency, for one, wu jiao, two horn, one horn, half Angle five pieces of a set of five currency such as COINS, peiyang machine bureau at the beginning of the casting COINS.Since the 25th year of guangxu reign, the cast dragon silver has been changed to the counting system, and the "made in beiyang machinery bureau of qing dynasty" has been changed to "made in beiyang", and the back has been changed to the flat dragon diagram.After the death of li hongzhang in the 27th year of guangxu dynasty, yuan shikai, the minister of beiyang, decided to set up a special bureau of silver yuan. The bureau was completed in October of the 28th year of guangxu dynasty.The development of silver dollar in beiyang reflects the advance and retreat of China's monetary policy in the late qing dynasty.The gold ingot of guangxu dynasty minted by beiyang mint is few, and the amount of gold ingot circulating in the world is less than that of other ingot.

In 1911, under the guise of nationalization of the railway, the corrupt qing government transferred the right to build roads in sichuan and guangdong provinces to the bank group of Britain, France, Germany and the United States.The move sparked protests across the country, especially in sichuan province.At that time, hundreds of thousands of people joined the army of comrades in defense of the road.After the uprising in wuchang, the provinces declared their independence one after another.Zhao erfeng could not control the situation in sichuan and had to hand over power to the leaders of the sichuan road protection movement such as pu dianjun and other constitutionalists.Hence, sichuan province also declared independence, set up "big han sichuan military government", and took over chengdu mint branch factory.In order to expand the military supplies, this "han" coin was minted and issued.

In the 14th year of the republic of China (1925), deng xihou, tian songyao and liu wenhui joined forces to remove Yang sen and enter chengdu.Because deng xihou monopolized the mint, liu wenhui caused dissatisfaction.Liu wenhuisui bought a mint model craftsman to carve the model and cast silver COINS in ya 'an.Upper warlords siltstones is imitated, liu department brigade commander liu yuan pond in huili, deng Li Jiayu in chengdu, the valiant ones shrine, chenghuang temple and suining protection zones, shedd falls outside the south mulberry street in chengdu, Luo Zezhou, Huang Yimin in shun city, Deng Guozhang in PI county in the county, Yang rong in JTG, Chen Shunong on, tian He Zhan in anxian county, Zeng Na open factory in three bridge south street have COINS.According to xiaobian understand the data is not complete statistics, at that time in sichuan warlord mint as many as 28.The five jiao and one yuan COINS were cast and of low quality, with the silver content as low as 30% to 50% and the high less than 75%.Therefore, sichuan folk for the difference, said the former chengdu mint five jiao and one yuan is "factory version or original", said the warlord set up factories around the five jiao and one yuan is "miscellaneous edition".

Compared with sun's founding commemorative COINS and yuan's silver COINS, sichuan copper COINS made by the military government have a narrow circulation range, so the circulation and the amount of existing copper COINS cannot be compared with the former two.For this reason, fewer people and fewer researchers have been exposed to chuan Yang.But this does not mean that the research value and market value of chuan Yang is not high, has always been the economic law and collection of the first to "rare for expensive" law as the standard.As the special currency of the special historical period and local government, the currency of the military government has dual functions of military currency and civilian currency. It is the product of history, with irreplaceable cultural relic value and is the witness of history.

Recently, tianyi culture was lucky to collect a group of silver COINS:

   

The first one is guangxu gold ingot made in beiyang. It can be seen from the figure that the money is: the inner circle is full of "guangxu gold ingot" written in Chinese, the outer ring is "made in beiyang", and the lower ring is "kuping seven COINS and two COINS".Money back: the center is flat dragon figure, up and down ring English, the left side has Arabic number "34", left and right each a dot heart.

"Longyang" is the earliest silver yuan in China, which is equivalent to the first set of renminbi in the collection.In addition, the dragon is a symbol of power, nobility and honor in Chinese traditional culture.In the collection, the dragon is the most famous, about the dragon collection is the most abundant, the biggest room for appreciation.

The second and third for the sichuan military government to make a round coin, coin front bead circle engraved with "sichuan silver" four words, the center for a small piece of crabgrass, bead circle outside the upper ring engraved with its casting bureau "made by the military government", the lower ring engraved with the value of money "a round", the back with 18 small circles around a large circle, the circle of seal Chinese characters, with straight lines for the bottom.The first year of the republic of China.Although the collection has gone through endless years, the lines are still clearly visible and witness the accumulation of its history. It has a very obvious transitional feature of history and is of indescribable value.

During the reign of emperor guangxu, more gold and silver COINS were minted. The westernization movement also affected the coinage industry. This group of COINS fully showed all kinds of characteristics of qing COINS, with excellent appearance and clear patterns.For a long time, the price of COINS has been rising steadily in the antique trading market, showing a good value preservation and appreciation function, and its potential investment value should not be underestimated.Money represents China's modern monetary culture, reflects the rise and fall of China's modern history, economy, finance and vicissitudes of life, its preservation is better, quality is very good, is a group of can meet not to seek money collection boutique, has quite high historical value, investment value and artistic appreciation value, worth collecting.

This collection is now operated and promoted by hunan tianyi culture co., LTD. Network marketing specialist, limited pictures, welcome all collectors through the major media and welcome to contact the company visit to understand the details, if you want to purchase, in advance to deal with the relevant procedures to negotiate with the company.

The deal of a collect cannot leave advertisement propaganda!Since its establishment, the group has always been adhering to the service principle of "openness, fairness, justice, honesty and trustworthiness", doing the most practical publicity, the highest end of the platform, enjoy the best service.

Special tips :(the above collection holders trust us to sell sincerely, welcome collectors from all walks of life to consult or bid, pictures are taken in kind, if you have any questions, you can make an appointment to see the kind in advance) hunan tianyi culture co., LTD