青花将军罐

青花将军罐

General Blue and White Cans

由于将军罐的造型受人喜爱,因此不论是官窑还是民窑都大量地烧造,特别是民窑的制造,从内容到形式都是以老百姓喜闻乐见的题材为主,有戏曲人物、神话故事,莲子罐、瓜罐、冰梅罐、竹节盖罐,罐身绘翠竹纹,除青花外,还有白釉绿彩。鼓式盖罐、狮钮盖罐、粥罐,为康熙朝创新式样,尺寸不是很大,形体矮而圆,底部无釉露胎,肩部有对称双圆孔,穿有铜环,便于提用。罐盖分圆顶和平顶两种,前者多置宝珠形钮,后者无钮。

As the shape of the general pot is popular, both official and folk kilns are burned in large quantities, especially the folk kiln. From content to form, the main theme is popular with the common people. There are opera characters, myths, lotus pots, melon pots, ice plum pots, bamboo cover pots, the body of the pot is painted with green bamboo patterns, as well as white glaze. Green color. Drum-type lid pot, lion button lid pot, porridge pot, innovative style for the Kangxi Dynasty, the size is not very large, short and round, no glaze at the bottom of the exposed tire, symmetrical double round holes in the shoulder, wearing copper rings, easy to use. There are two kinds of cans: dome and flat roof. The former has many jewel buttons, and the latter has no buttons.

青花瓷又称白地青花瓷,常简称青花,中华陶瓷烧制工艺的珍品。是中国瓷器的主流品种之一,成熟的青花瓷出现在元代的景德镇。元青花瓷的胎由于采用了"瓷石+高岭土"的二元配方,烧成温度提高,焙烧过程中的变形率减少。多数器物的胎体也因此厚重,造型厚实饱满。胎色略带灰、黄,胎质疏松。底釉分青白和卵白两种,乳浊感强。明清时期是青花瓷器达到鼎盛又走向衰落的时期。明永乐、宣德时期是青花瓷器发展的一个高峰,以制作精美著称;清康熙时以"五彩青花"使青花瓷发展到了巅峰;清乾隆以后因粉彩瓷的发展而逐渐走向衰退,虽在清末(光绪)时一度中兴,最终无法延续康熙朝的盛势。

Blue-and-white porcelain, also known as white ground blue-and-white porcelain, is often referred to as blue-and-white, a treasure of the firing process of Chinese ceramics. As one of the mainstream varieties of Chinese porcelain, mature blue and white porcelain appeared in Jingdezhen of Yuan Dynasty. Because of the binary formula of "porcelain stone + kaolin", the baking temperature of Yuanqing blue and white porcelain increased and the deformation rate decreased during baking. Most utensils have a thick body and full shape. The color of the fetus is slightly gray and yellow, and the quality of the fetus is loose. The bottom glaze is divided into blue and white glaze and egg white glaze with strong opacity. The Ming and Qing Dynasties were the period when blue and white porcelain reached its peak and declined. The period of Yongle and Xuande in Ming Dynasty was a peak of the development of blue-and-white porcelain, famous for its exquisite craftsmanship; the period of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty was the peak of the development of blue-and-white porcelain with "five-coloured blue-and-white flowers"; after Qianlong in Qing Dynasty, it gradually declined because of the development of pink-coloured porcelain, although it was once prosperous in the late Qing Dynasty (Guangxu), it could not continue the prosperity of

瓷器是中国古代的伟大发明之一,高级瓷器拥有远高于一般瓷器的制作工艺难度,因此在古代皇室中也不乏精美瓷器的收藏。作为古代中国特产的奢侈品之一,瓷器通过各种贸易渠道传到世界上各个国家,大量精美的古代瓷器作为具有收藏价值的古董被全球收藏家所收藏。

Porcelain is one of the great inventions in ancient China. High-grade porcelain is much more difficult to make than ordinary porcelain. Therefore, there are many fine porcelain collections in ancient royal families. As one of the luxury goods with Chinese characteristics in ancient times, porcelains are transmitted to various countries in the world through various trade channels. A large number of exquisite ancient porcelains are collected by collectors all over the world as antiques with collecting value.

将军罐器型流行于明嘉靖、万历时期,因器型高大挺拔、丰硕俊美,器物外壁又可用青花、五彩等多种手法装饰,故逐渐被人们当作摆置观赏的陈设器。在清代至民国,它甚至是大户人家婚礼嫁妆必备之常物。明末的将军罐,器型较为矮拙。到清顺治时期基本定型,康熙年间开始广为流行,其中青花将军罐更是康熙青花瓷中的翘楚作,其器形硕大且青花工艺能够得到充分表现。虽然各时期器型略有变化,但都以大气、宏伟为主要特征,摆设起来非常有气势。

General pot type was popular in Jiajing and Wanli periods of Ming Dynasty. Because of its tall and upright shape, rich and handsome, and its outer walls could be decorated with blue and white, colorful and other means, it was gradually regarded as an ornamental display. From the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, it was even a necessary part of the wedding dowry of large families. The general pot in the late Ming Dynasty was rather short and clumsy. By the time of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, the basic stereotype had been established and became popular in Kangxi. Among them, the blue and white general pot was the best one in Kangxi blue and white porcelain. Its shape was huge and the blue and white craft could be fully displayed. Although the types of instruments changed slightly in each period, they were mainly characterized by atmosphere and grandeur, and were set up with great momentum.

此件藏品其盖颇似将军的头盔,故而得名。将军罐始见于明嘉靖、万历年间,至清顺治之气基本定型,盛行于康熙朝。康熙时期,是将军罐广为流行的时期,这时的造型,将浑圆的罐体展肩提腹,拉长颈部,收紧圈足,使得将军罐的造型显得挺拔向上,气魄宏伟。常说的版本有两种,一是将军罐为古代皇帝奖赏给战场上有功的将士,这将军罐是古代军人至高无上的荣誉;二是将军罐为专供将军级人物使用的一种瓷器,古代的将军家里都用这种瓷器来装东西。

This collection is named for its cover which resembles a general's helmet. General pot was first seen in Jiajing and Wanli dynasties of Ming Dynasty, and the spirit of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty was basically finalized and prevailed in Kangxi Dynasty. Kangxi period is the period when the military cans were widely popular. At this time, the shape of the round cans was stretched shoulder and abdomen, elongated neck and tightened circle foot, making the general cans appear upright and magnificent. There are two versions, one is that the general pot rewarded the ancient emperor to the soldiers who were successful in the battlefield, which is the supreme honor of the ancient soldiers; the other is that the general pot is a kind of porcelain for the use of generals, which was used in the ancient generals'homes to fill things.

将军罐大部分都是单个,或者是成对出现,每个罐子的身上都带有精美的纹饰,让人惊叹。例如:青花将军罐就多以缠枝牡丹、海水龙纹、人物故事,缠枝莲纹等。由其是‘’青花将军罐‘’都具有极高的艺术价值,成为藏市的一匹“黑马”。除此之外,因为将军罐的体积大小不同,对于收藏来讲也是别有乐趣。

Most of the cans are single or paired, each with a beautiful decoration on its body, which is amazing. For example: General Blue and White cans are mostly twisted peony, seawater dragon pattern, character story, twined lotus pattern and so on. Because of its high artistic value,'General Blue and White Cans'has become a "black horse" in Tibet. In addition, because the size of the general jar is different, it is also very interesting to collect.

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