轩宇艺术古币鉴赏：清朝盛世的痕迹-乾隆通宝

自雍正十三年（1735年），清高宗即位，改元乾隆。便下令铸行“乾隆通宝”，要求仍重一钱二分，该钱书法铸工都比雍正时更为精美。最初清朝政府仍继续执行通货紧缩的政策。钱局较雍正时有所增减，首先在乾隆四年，停了宝河、宝巩、宝济三局，于乾隆五年时开宝福局，七年开宝桂局，十年开宝直局。乾隆朝以前的制钱不加锡，以铜、铅、锌配制，称之为“黄钱”，在乾隆五年规定在铸钱铜料之中加百分之二的锡，称为“青钱”。官方说是为杜绝私钱，实际上无异于减重。乾隆四十年时，私铸情况日盛，各省官员出现盗铸，政府对此无计可施，加上云南铜产量逐年递减，导致铜价飞涨，铸钱成本也随之水涨船高。

Since Yongzheng thirteen years (1735), Emperor Gaozong of Qing Dynasty assumed the throne and changed to Qianlong of Yuan Dynasty. He ordered the foundry of "Qianlong Tongbao" to weigh one dollar and two cents, which was more exquisite than Yongzheng. At first, the Qing government continued to implement deflation policy. Compared with Yongzheng, the Qian Bureau increased or decreased. Firstly, in the four years of Qianlong, the three bureaus of Baohe, Baogong and Baoji were stopped. In the five years of Qianlong, the Baofu Bureau was opened, in seven years, and in ten years, the Baogui Bureau was opened. Before the Qianlong Dynasty, money was made without tin. It was made up of copper, lead and zinc. It was called "yellow money". In the five years of the Qianlong Dynasty, it was stipulated that 2% tin should be added to the copper material for casting money, which was called "blue money". Officially speaking, it's to stop private money. In fact, it's like losing weight. During the forty years of Qianlong reign, the situation of private casting became more and more prosperous. Officials of various provinces stole casting. The government could not do anything about it. In addition, the copper production in Yunnan decreased year by year, which led to the soaring price of copper and the rising cost of casting money.

清政府继而又采取了通货紧缩政策，先后停铸了宝直、大理、广西、临安等局，同时鼓励商人从海外进口铜材。但是这些措施未能从根本上解决问题，私铸虽有所减少，但官钱不见增加，民间交易缺钱，就出现了使用古钱的现象。到了乾隆五十年后，又相继开了宝直等局，同时放宽了铸钱的标准，所以导致乾隆后期制钱的质量参差不齐，大不如初的情况。此外在乾隆朝时期在新疆出了“乾隆通宝”红钱（也做普尔钱，“普尔”维语即钱的意思），是以新疆产铜为原料，在新疆地区铸行的，此后各朝均有铸行。

The Qing government then adopted a deflationary policy, stopping casting Baozhi, Dali, Guangxi and Lin'an bureaus successively, and encouraging businessmen to import copper from overseas. However, these measures failed to solve the problem fundamentally. Although private casting has been reduced, official money has not increased, and private transactions are short of money, so the phenomenon of using ancient money has emerged. Fifty years after Qianlong, Baozhi Bureau and other bureaus were opened one after another. At the same time, the standard of casting money was relaxed. As a result, the quality of making money in the later period of Qianlong was uneven, much worse than that in the early period. In addition, during the Qianlong Dynasty, "Qianlong Tongbao" red money was issued in Xinjiang (also known as "Puer Qian", "Puer Uygur" means money). It was made from copper produced in Xinjiang and cast in Xinjiang. Since then, it has been cast in all dynasties.

轩宇艺术有幸征得两枚乾隆通宝，钱币虽历经时间洗练，但仍可看出其信息，钱币正面钤有“乾隆通宝”，书体为楷书。背文沿用雍正满文钱式，穿左为“宝”，穿右铸满文，传世品，外缘的浇铸口未经修整。宽外缘，细内廓，扁“乾”长“宝”。藏品虽经历了无穷岁月，但纹路依然清晰可见，也见证了其历史的积淀，具有非常明显的历史过渡性特征，实乃罕见，且附带着特殊的历史意义，是集收藏与投资于一身的难能可贵的精品。

Xuanyu art was lucky to obtain two Qianlong Tongbao coins. Although the coins have been washed for a long time, their information can still be seen. On the obverse of the coins there is "Qianlong Tongbao" in regular script. The back text is in the style of Yongzheng Manchu coin, with the left side as the "treasure" and the right side as the Manchu. It is handed down. The outer edge of the casting mouth is not trimmed. Wide outer edge, thin inner outline, flat "dry" long "treasure". Although the collection has gone through endless years, the lines are still clearly visible and witness the accumulation of its history. It has very obvious historical transitional characteristics, which is rare, with special historical significance. It is an invaluable boutique collection and investment.

随着时间的推移和朝代的变更，古代钱币也随之悄然的流失，逐渐的减少，并且古代钱币有着不可复制的特性。因此，人们逐渐意识到钱币收藏的意义和价值，古钱币的收藏，创造出来了神话般的奇迹，古币虽然早已不再作为钱币在市面上流通使用，但却有着非凡的收藏价值，从而给收藏者带来了意想不到的财富。

With the passage of time and the change of dynasties, ancient coins also quietly disappeared and gradually decreased, and ancient coins have the characteristics of non-replicability. Therefore, people gradually realize the significance and value of coin collection. The collection of ancient coins has created a mythical miracle. Although ancient coins are no longer used as coins in the market, they have extraordinary collection value, which brings unexpected wealth to collectors.

丰富艺术生活，传递艺术价值！如果您对此组古钱币感兴趣，欢迎联系轩宇（广州）艺术传媒有限公司！

Enriching artistic life and transferring artistic value! If you are interested in this ancient coin, please contact Xuanyu (Guangzhou) Art Media Co., Ltd.

分享是一种美德，分享是一种快乐，学会分享，快乐他人！

Sharing is a virtue, sharing is a pleasure, learning to share, happy others!

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