古玩行2019精品推荐第11期：中华民国二年伍元

清代国币称为龙洋以银币为主币，主要有光绪元宝、大清银币、宣统元宝等，自清朝灭亡之后1912年4月袁世凯出任大总统北洋政府鉴于当时铸币、纸币较为复杂，流通的中外货币版本丰富，规格不一流通混乱，折算繁琐，民众积怨同时也想借助货币改制以解决军费问题，便决定铸发国币袁世凯为了提高自己的统治地位，把他的头像铸于币面，被民间俗称“袁大头”也亦然是“袁大头”也因此而来

The Qing Dynasty national currency was called Long Yang's silver coin, mainly including Guangxu silver coin, Qing silver coin, Xuantong silver coin, etc. Since the fall of Qing Dynasty, Yuan Shikai became the president of Beiyang government in April 1912. In view of the complexity of coins and paper currency, the rich versions of Chinese and foreign currency in circulation, the confusion of different specifications and the complicated conversion, the people's accumulated resentment also wanted to solve the problem of military expenditure by means of currency restructuring, so they decided to cast Yuan Shikai's head on the currency surface in order to improve his ruling position. It was also popularly known as "Yuan Datou" and "Yuan Datou"

【藏品名称】：中华民国二年伍元

[Name of Collection]: Five Yuan in the Second Year of the Republic of China

【类别】：钱币

[Category]: Coin

1914年2月7日，袁世凯以大总统令形式公布了《国币条例》及《国币条例施行细则》，其主要内容是规定钱币的铸造发行权归民国政府所有，当时钱币的换算关系和人民币一样，以十进位，壹元等于十角，一角等于十分，一分等于十厘，自从《国币条例》公布以后，天津造币厂就开始铸造袁大头壹元银元，后来南京、广东、武昌等造币厂也都开始陆续铸造发行袁大头银元，由于袁大头壹元银元币型规整，快被老百姓接受并在全国的范围内流通，因袁大头壹圆银币受到了社会更大的认同，在国内金融市场上逐步取代了清朝的龙洋，成为流通领域的主币，

On February 7, 1914, Yuan Shikai promulgated the "Regulations on the National Currency" and the "Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Regulations on the National Currency" in the form of a presidential decree. Its main content is to stipulate that the casting and issuing power of coins shall be owned by the government of the Republic of China. At that time, the conversion relation of coins was the same as that of RMB. At that time, one dollar was equal to ten cents, ten cents was equal to ten cents, and one cent was equal to ten cents. Since the promulgation of the "Regulations on the National Currency", the Tianjin Mint has started casting Yuan Datou's one dollar silver dollar. Later, mints such as Nanjing, Guangdong and Wuchang also began casting and issuing Yuan Datou silver coins one after another. As Yuan Datou's one-dollar silver coins were of regular pattern, they were quickly accepted by the people and circulated throughout the country. As Yuan Datou's one-dollar silver coins were more recognized by the society, they gradually replaced Long Yang of Qing Dynasty in the domestic financial market and became the main currency in the circulation field.

其次由于袁大头银元铸造的时间长，参与铸造的造币厂多，因此，存世的袁大头银元的版别较为丰富，如袁世凯三年、九年、十年、等少部分签字版本，铸造量及流通量广泛有三年、九年、因在当时成为主要流通货币兑换商品等用途等,

Secondly, due to the long casting time of silver coins in Yuan Datou and the large number of mints participating in the casting, there are many editions of silver coins in Yuan Datou that exist in the world, such as Yuan Shikai's three-year, nine-year, ten-year and a few other signed editions. The amount of coins cast and the amount of money in circulation were widely used for three or nine years, because they became the main currency in circulation at that time to exchange commodities, etc.

此件物品因随着时间的长远，从外观色泽来看有轻微磨损与小擦花现象，可以看出伟人“袁世凯”图像胡须、发丝、穗芒等细微之处清晰深俊有度，生动自然形象立体感感画面强。

With the long term of time, this article has slight wear and small scratches from the appearance and color. It can be seen that the great man "Yuan Shikai" has clear, deep and handsome details such as beard, hair, tassel and so on. It is vivid and natural with strong stereoscopic impression.

“中华民国二年，伍圆”正面为袁世凯戎装左侧面像，上列“中华民国二年”六字，币钱背两条嘉禾左右交互，下系结带，中心计值‘伍圆’二字，物品虽“高龄”截止目前品相保存包浆自然，纹饰深浅适度，边缘处齿轮齿边具有规律性，此版本铸造量较少因此显得出类拔萃，值得珍藏与被重视

In the second year of the Republic of China, the front face of "Wu Yuan" is the left side image of Yuan Shikai's uniform. The above-mentioned six characters of "the second year of the Republic of China" have two golden grains on the back of the coin. The lower binding belt has the central value of "Wu Yuan". Although the article is "old" up to now, the product is preserved with natural paste, moderate decoration depth, and regular gear teeth on the edge. This version has less casting quantity, thus it is outstanding and worthy of collection and attention.

铸币之上当政者有国泰民安、吉祥如意之愿景，民间收藏寓意"家和万事兴"之吉祥之宝，有文化渲染价值及历史文化意义，“袁大头”代表了中国近代的货币文化，反映了我国近代历史、经济、金融的兴衰和沧桑，古币里藏着丰富的历史元素，如今遗传在世的精品古钱可遇不可求，具有艺术观赏价值和文化价值。

On top of coins, those in power have a vision of peace for the country and the people and good luck. Folk collections symbolize the auspicious treasure of "family and everything". They have cultural rendering value and historical and cultural significance. "Yuan Datou" represents China's modern monetary culture and reflects the rise and fall and vicissitudes of China's modern history, economy and finance. Ancient coins contain rich historical elements. Today's fine ancient coins inherited in the world are rare and have artistic appreciation value and cultural value.

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