古玩城2019精品推荐第12期：中华民国五年伍圆袁大头

袁大头是民国时期主要流通货币之一，“袁大头”是对袁世凯像系列硬币的口语俗称，严谨点说叫“袁世凯像背嘉禾银币”。“袁大头”在货币收藏界被称为银元之宝，它是中国近千种近代银币中流传最广、影响最大的银元品种，也是近代中国币制变革中的一个重要角色。铸币之上当政者有国泰民安、吉祥如意之愿景，民间收藏，寓意"家和万事兴"之吉祥之宝，故有很高的收藏研究价值。中华民国元年伍圆袁大头， 伍圆的袁大头其实是当时的样板币并没有正式发行流通，所以目前这款样板币是特别的稀少的，“中华民国元年伍圆”银币，当时只试铸了50枚，该版币逐渐被中国人民银行收兑，民间所剩不多，是收藏的珍贵品种，目前的市场价值也是特别高的，藏品走不同的平台，市场的拍卖的价位自然也就有所不同，所以选择一个好的平台真的很重要。

Yuan Datou was one of the main circulating currencies in the Republic of China. Yuan Datou is a colloquial term for Yuan Shikai's series of coins, which is strictly called "Yuan Shikai carries Jiahe silver coins on his back". "Yuan Datou" is known as the treasure of silver dollar in the field of currency collection. It is the most popular and influential silver dollar variety among nearly one thousand modern silver coins in China, and it is also an important role in the currency system reform of modern China. The rulers above the coins have the vision of national peace, good luck and good luck, folk collection, and auspicious treasure of "home and everything", so they have a high value of collection and research. In the first year of the Republic of China, yuan Datou of Wu Yuan was actually the model currency at that time, which had not been officially issued and circulated. Therefore, at present, this model currency is very rare. At that time, only 50 silver coins were tried to be cast. This version was gradually accepted and exchanged by the people's Bank of China. There are not many left among the people. It is a precious collection variety, and its current market value is also the same Especially high, the price of the market auction varies with different platforms, so it's really important to choose a good platform.

【藏品名称】：中华民国五年 伍元

[collection name]: five years of the Republic of China

【类别】：钱币

Class: Coins

1915年11月12日 袁世凯称中华帝国大皇帝。全国激愤，蔡锷、唐继尧等通电各省宣告云南独立，声讨袁世凯，并建立护国军。陈其美领导肇和舰起义。面对风起云涌的反帝运动，袁世凯感叹道：“说'完了，完了，龙、虎、狗都反了（指北洋三杰王士珍、冯国璋、段琪瑞联合五省督军通电全国要求取消帝制，惩办祸首）。”当时恰逢大灾—— 珠江上游堤围崩决，造成广州空前大水灾。避水商民，因午炊失慎，又造成特大火灾。为了解决这些问题，就需要大量的资金。于是袁克定，杨度等人提议发行面值更大的“伍圆”银币，并将铸造年份定为“中华民国元年”（即袁世凯称帝之年）以区别于先前所发之币。“中华民国元年伍圆”版袁大头银币的正面图案，中间为袁世凯戎装左侧面像，上方为“中华民国元年”，背面图案是两株交叉的稻穗，中央为“伍圆”字样。由天津造币厂（原“直隶户部造币厂”）铸造。但该币决定铸造之时就遭到很多人的反对，在上海成立上海商业储蓄银行的陈光甫就坚决反对。然而此时的袁世凯迫于孙中山派胡汉民等赴菲律宾，许崇智等赴南洋筹饷加快讨袁的压力，执意决定发行以充实国库，但颇具戏剧性的是，“伍圆”银币只试铸了50枚，便停铸了。因为当时忧愤成疾的袁世凯于1916年6月6日死于北京，混乱的时局下他的继任者处于种种因素的考虑，最终决定取消“伍圆”银币的发行。取而代之的是之后的民国3、9、10年版大洋。                        

On November 12, 1915, Yuan Shikai called the great emperor of the Chinese Empire. The whole country was furious. Cai E, Tang Jiyao and other provinces declared Yunnan's independence, denounced Yuan Shikai and established the National Guard. Chen Qimei led the Zhaohe uprising. In the face of the surging anti imperialist movement, Yuan Shikai sighed: "it's over, it's over, the dragon, the tiger and the dog are all against (referring to the power of Wang Shizhen, Feng Guozhang and Duan Qirui, the three heroes of Beiyang, to call for the abolition of the imperial system and punish the culprit)." At that time, it happened to be a great disaster - the dike on the upper reaches of the Pearl River collapsed, causing an unprecedented flood in Guangzhou. Avoiding water, merchants and people, due to careless cooking in the afternoon, caused a huge fire. To solve these problems, we need a lot of money. Therefore, yuan Keding, Yang Du and others proposed to issue a larger denomination of "Wu Yuan" silver coins, and set the casting year as "the first year of the Republic of China" (that is, the year when Yuan Shikai became emperor) to distinguish it from the previous coins. In the first year of the Republic of China, the obverse design of the silver coin of yuan Datou is Yuan Shikai's left side portrait in the middle, the top is "the first year of the Republic of China", the back is two intersecting spikes of rice, and the center is "Wu Yuan". It was minted by Tianjin mint (formerly Zhili Hubu Mint). However, when the coin was decided to be minted, many people opposed it. Chen Guangfu, who established the Shanghai Commercial savings bank in Shanghai, firmly opposed it. However, Yuan Shikai was forced by Sun Yat-sen to send Hu Hanmin and others to the Philippines, Xu Chongzhi and others to Nanyang to raise wages and speed up the pressure of yuan, determined to issue to enrich the national treasury, but it was quite dramatic that the "Wu Yuan" silver coins only tried to cast 50, and then stopped casting. Because Yuan Shikai died in Beijing on June 6, 1916, his successor was in consideration of various factors, and finally decided to cancel the issue of "Wuyuan" silver coins. It was replaced by the Republic of China Version 3, 9 and 10.

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