特别推荐第八期：玉扳指

玉扳指，又叫玉谍，本意是拉弓射箭时扣弦用的一种工具，套在射手右手拇指上，以保护射手右拇指不被弓弦勒伤的专用器物。原属于满族特有的首饰--扳指与戒指，虽非九鼎大吕，但就其渊源与文化微妙论，则颇值得涵泳玩味,后来引申为能够决断事务，具有身份和能力的象征,由于满汉两族广大男士的欣羡与效颦，竟使之成为一种极为时髦的佩饰品，上自皇帝与王公大臣，下至满汉各旗子弟皆喜佩戴。

Jade Banzhi, also known as Jade Spy, is intended to be a tool used to buckle strings when pulling bows and shooting arrows, which is set on the right thumb of the shooter to protect the right thumb of the shooter from being injured by bowstring. Banzhi and ring, which originally belonged to Manchu's unique jewelry, are not Jiuding Dalu, but it is worth pondering in terms of its origin and cultural subtlety. Later, it was extended to be a symbol of being able to decide affairs and having identity and ability. Because of the admiration and effectiveness of the majority of men in Manchu and Han ethnic groups, it has become a very fashionable jewelry, which is enjoyed by children from emperors and princes to Manchu and Han flags.

早在新石器时代晚期、商周时期就发现有扳指的存在了，最初可能有皮质等一些较软材料制成的扳指，好一点的才会使用材质更为坚硬的。随着年代的变更以及逐渐演化，玉扳指的材料和形制在各个朝代有所不同，譬如商代的玉扳指还有拉弓护指的功能，不仅较后来的扳指更长，而且其上有槽痕;到了战国就开始变短;汉代的扳指出现玉片形状，类似于玉佩，带有用来拉弦的小钩，但这个时候的扳指已经不能承受拉弓那么大的力量了;宋代出现了一些仿汉代的扳指，其样式更是多种多样，有片状的，也有矮筒状的;时至清代，扳指呈圆筒状，一端边缘往里凹，一端边沿向前凸，因为其材质更加圆润、光滑，所以更加难以用来射箭，而成为一种装饰、身份以及流行趋势的象征。

The existence of banzhi was discovered as early as the late Neolithic Age and Shang and Zhou Dynasties. At first, there may be banzhi made of some softer materials such as leather, and the better ones will be made of harder materials. With the change of age and gradual evolution, the material and shape of Yu Banzhi are different in different dynasties. For example, Yu Banzhi in Shang Dynasty also has the function of pulling bow and protecting finger, which is not only longer than later Banzhi, but also has groove marks on it; In the Warring States period, it began to shorten; In the Han Dynasty, the banzhi appeared in the shape of a jade piece, similar to Yu Pei, with a small hook for pulling strings, but at this time, the banzhi could no longer bear the strength of pulling a bow; In the Song Dynasty, there were some banzhi imitations of the Han Dynasty, and their styles were various, including flake and short tube; Up to the Qing Dynasty, banzhi was cylindrical, with one end edge concave inward and one end edge convex forward. Because its material was more round and smooth, it was more difficult to shoot arrows, and became a symbol of decoration, identity and fashion trend.

乾隆皇帝生爱玉，对玉扳指更是极为偏爱，乾隆皇帝在其一诗中写到：“快马飞生耳后风，浮糜数肋中无空。漫言刻玉占佳兆，发羽抨弦屡此同”。这首诗不仅描述了其在骑马射箭之时的英姿飒爽，更描述了乾隆皇帝对玉扳指的浓浓深情。千百年来，一枚小小的玉扳指，却是经历了岁月沧桑，在人们的指间记录了中华民族的悠久文化。

Emperor Qianlong was fond of jade, especially the jade ring finger. In one of his poems, Emperor Qianlong wrote: "the horse flies to the ear and the wind behind it, and there is no space in its ribs. It's a good omen to carve jade with man's words, and it's the same with hair and string. This poem not only describes the heroism in archery on horseback, but also describes the deep affection of Emperor Qianlong for jade ring. For thousands of years, a small jade ring finger has experienced vicissitudes of life, recording the long culture of the Chinese nation in people's fingers.

对玉扳指而言，除了其质地外，玉扳指的造型和纹饰也非常有讲究，例如：瑞兽纹、花草纹、山水等纹饰和图案。虽然玉扳指的体量很小，但制作的过程却并不简单。如果雕刻者每月一定的雕刻功底，是很难雕刻出一枚完美高贵的和田玉扳指的。

As for the jade ring finger, in addition to its quality, the shape and decoration of the jade ring finger are also very exquisite, such as: auspicious animal pattern, flower and grass pattern, landscape and other patterns and patterns. Although the volume of the jade ring finger is very small, the process of making it is not simple. If the sculptor has a certain carving skill every month, it is difficult to carve a perfect and noble Hetian jade wrench.

现如今，扳指赠友人，示为团结；而夫妻之间，也可借扳指指以示坚贞；又可将其作为戒指，取其“戒”意。手上佩戴一枚上佳的和田玉扳指，不仅是对戎马情怀的表达，更是气度、尊贵的化身。在一枚小小的玉扳指里，不仅蕴含着说不尽道不完的故事，更是包括了历史文化的融合与传承。

Nowadays, the fingers are given to friends as a sign of unity, and between husband and wife, the fingers can also be used as a sign of faithfulness, or as a ring to take the meaning of "ring". Wearing a superior Hetian jade ring finger is not only an expression of military feelings, but also an embodiment of bearing and dignity. In a small jade ring, not only contains endless stories, but also includes the integration and inheritance of history and culture.

郑州臻哲网络科技有限公司

Zhengzhou Zhen Zhe Network Technology Co., Ltd.

咨询热线：4006863616

Hotline: 4006863616