保利精品推荐：辽三彩瓷器

【藏品名称】：辽三彩瓷器

[collection name]: Liao three color porcelain

【藏品类别】：瓷器

[collection type]: porcelain

【藏品数量】：4件

[collection quantity]: 4 pieces

『辽 三彩贴塑宝相花三足盖罐』

口径：5.4cm；底径：7.6cm；高：16cm

"Liao three color paste plastic baoxianghua three legged jar"Diameter: 5.4cm; bottom diameter: 7.6cm; height: 16cm

契丹民族于公元916年，在我国北方建立了一个强大的政权，创造了富有民族特色的灿烂文化，在我国陶器史上占有很重要的地位。人们把这种陶瓷器称之为“辽瓷”。它继承了“唐三彩”的传统，故又称之为“辽三彩”辽三彩辽代生产的低温彩色釉陶制品。受唐三彩影响，辽代也烧这类品种。辽三彩多用黄、绿、褐三色釉，器型中的方碟、海棠花式长盘、鸡冠壶、筒式瓶等，富有契丹民族的风格。其中赤峰缸瓦窑烧造量相对大一些，所烧三彩釉陶器胎质细软，呈淡红色，釉色娇艳光洁，可与唐三彩媲美。装饰手法有印花、划花两种，大凡盘、碟采用阳文印花，琢器采用划花。与唐三彩的区别除胎土不同外，主要是辽三彩中无蓝色，施釉不交融，釉面少流淌。

In 916 A.D., the Khitan nationality established a powerful regime in the north of China and created a splendid culture with national characteristics, which occupies a very important position in the history of China's pottery. People call this kind of ceramics "Liao porcelain". It inherits the tradition of "three colors of Tang Dynasty", so it is also called "three colors of Liao Dynasty". Influenced by the Tang Dynasty, the Liao Dynasty also burned this kind of variety. The three colors of Liao Dynasty mostly use yellow, green and brown glaze. The square dish, crabapple style long plate, cockscomb pot and cylinder bottle are of Khitan style. Among them, the firing volume of Chifeng VAT kiln is relatively large. The tri color glazed pottery is soft, light red, and its glaze is delicate and bright, which is comparable to that of the Tang Dynasty. There are two kinds of decoration techniques: printing and marking. The large plate and dish are printed in Yangwen, and the chisel is made by scribing. In addition to the difference between the three kinds of color of Tang Dynasty, the main difference is that there is no blue in the three colors of Liao Dynasty, the glaze is not blended, and the glaze surface is less flowing.

辽瓷最早烧制年代到底始于何时，尚无确切证据可考。但从有确切年代的墓葬出土的器物中，发现在辽穆宗应历年（951-969）以前就已有了黄、绿单色釉陶器，可以断定这时已经有三彩陶器。辽代三彩承袭了唐代传统，是接受唐三彩传统的一种低温瓷式釉陶，胎质粗而较硬，呈灰黄白色或淡红色。但质量不如唐三彩，但也有自己鲜明的时代特色。辽三彩在承袭了唐三彩传统手法的基础上，有了自己特点的发展，在我国陶瓷发展史上具有一定地位。

宝相花是我国纹饰的主题，主要是以动物和几何图形的纹饰为主。从魏晋南北朝开始，在佛教装饰艺术的影响下，植物花卉题材的纹饰渗透到了包括陶瓷装饰、建筑装饰和金属器皿装饰等几乎所有的艺术领域。佛教将莲花视为圣洁、吉祥的象征，自南北朝开始，莲花纹饰便被大量运用在了石窟装饰艺术中。北朝时期的莲花图案以写实造型为主，多选取正面俯视的角度来表现，中心为圆盘状的莲蓬，莲瓣向四周均匀的呈多层放射状排列。这种图案发展演化到隋唐时期，造型更加饱满。从花形看，除了莲花，还有牡丹花的特征，花瓣多层次的排列，使图案具有雍容华丽的美感。这种图案又被称为宝相花。隋唐以后宝相花广泛流行于织锦、铜镜以及瓷器的装饰上，含有吉祥、美满的寓意。是一种独具我们民族特色的图案纹样。

There is no exact evidence to prove when the earliest firing date of Liao porcelain began. However, from the artifacts unearthed from tombs with exact dates, it is found that there were yellow and green monochrome glazed pottery before the calendar year (951-969) of muzong of Liao Dynasty. It can be concluded that there were tricolor pottery at that time. The three color glazed pottery of Liao Dynasty inherited the tradition of Tang Dynasty. It was a kind of low-temperature porcelain glazed pottery which accepted the tradition of Tang Tri Color Pottery. The embryo was thick and hard, and it was gray yellow white or light red. But its quality is not as good as that of the Tang Dynasty, but it also has its own distinctive characteristics of the times. On the basis of inheriting the traditional techniques of Tang tricolor, Liao tricolor has its own characteristics and has a certain position in the history of ceramic development in China.Baoxianghua is the theme of China's decorative patterns, mainly animal and geometric patterns. From the Wei, Jin, southern and Northern Dynasties, under the influence of Buddhist decorative art, the decorative patterns of plants and flowers penetrated into almost all art fields including ceramic decoration, architectural decoration and metal ware decoration. In the Northern Dynasty, the lotus has been used as a symbol of the holy lotus in the Northern Dynasty. In the Northern Dynasties, the lotus pattern is mainly realistic, and it can be expressed from the perspective of the front. The center of the lotus is a disk-shaped lotus canopy, and the lotus petals are evenly arranged in a multi-layer radial pattern. The development of this pattern evolved to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the shape is more full. From the flower shape, in addition to the lotus, there are peony features, petals arranged in multiple levels, so that the design has a graceful and gorgeous beauty. This pattern is also called Baoxiang flower. After the Sui and Tang Dynasties, baoxianghua was widely used in brocade, bronze mirror and porcelain decoration, with auspicious and happy implication. It is a unique pattern of our nation.

该器型端庄，开片自然，器表饰黄、绿、白三彩釉，色泽莹润，造型端庄。贴花工艺是辽代时期三彩器皿的装饰特征之一。修胎严整规矩，器型挺拔端庄，釉质凝厚肥润。贴塑手法饰有宝相花，整体品相完整，保存状态上佳，含盖尤其难得，三彩瓷属高级瓷器收藏，存世少收藏价值极好，有很大的增值空间！07文职干部军衔符号也用这个六瓣的宝相花。

The shape of the instrument is dignified and natural. It is decorated with yellow, green and white glaze. The color is bright and lustrous, and the shape is dignified. The technique of decal is one of the decorative features of the tri colored utensils in Liao Dynasty. Tire repair is strict and regular, the shape is straight and dignified, and the glaze is thick and fat. Three color porcelain belongs to the collection of high-grade porcelain, which is rare in the world. The collection value is excellent and has great value-added space! 07 civilian cadre rank symbol also uses this six petal Baoxiang flower.

高15cm，口径5cm，足径7cm

It is 15cm in height, 5cm in diameter and 7cm in foot diameter

壶仿鱼形，造型设计巧妙。鱼背部正中为一喇叭状菊瓣花口，一侧为提梁，已残失。鱼嘴为壶流。鱼身、鱼鳍、鱼尾用不同的釉彩装饰并刻划不同的花纹，鱼腹下饰一荷叶，托起鱼体，荷叶下为平底实足。通体施黄、绿、白三色釉。此壶形体生动，色调淡雅，集模印、堆贴、刻划工艺于一体，是辽代瓷器中之精品。

The pot is shaped like a fish and its shape is ingenious. There is a trumpet shaped chrysanthemum flower mouth in the middle of the back of the fish, and one side is a lifting beam, which has been lost. The mouth of the fish flows from a pot. The fish body, fin and tail are decorated with different glaze colors and carved with different patterns. A lotus leaf is decorated under the fish belly to hold up the fish body, and the bottom of the lotus leaf is solid foot. White and green glaze. This pot is vivid in shape and elegant in color. It integrates the process of pattern printing, stacking and engraving. It is one of the best porcelain wares in Liao Dynasty.

『辽　三彩划花龙纹盘』

高2.3cm，口径17.3cm，足径12cm

"Liao San Cai Hua Hua Long Wen pan"The height was 2.3cm, the diameter was 17.3cm and the foot diameter was 12cm

盘折沿，边沿处隆起一周，广底，圈足。盘心褐色弦纹内刻划一团龙，张口吐舌，龙身盘曲，龙爪伸张有力，形象威猛传神。

此盘制作规整，设色浓重，黄色的腾龙在绿色的盘体衬托下醒目突出，是辽代三彩器的代表作品。

Fold along the edge of the uplift around, wide bottom, ring foot. A group of dragon is carved in the brown string pattern of the center of the plate. The mouth of the dragon is opened and the tongue is opened. The body of the dragon is coiled and the claws are stretched forcefully. The image is powerful and vivid.This plate is well-organized and heavily colored. The Yellow Tenglong stands out against the green one. It is the representative work of the three color ware of Liao Dynasty.

『辽　三彩印花海棠式盘』

高2.5cm，口径30—17cm、足径26—12cm

"Liao three color printing Begonia type plate"Height 2.5cm, diameter 30-17cm, foot diameter 26-12cm

长盘作八曲海棠式，折沿宽边，平底。盘内模印花卉，口沿为卷枝纹，盘心以模印的水波纹为地，中央一线排列3朵莲花。盘内纹饰以黄、绿、白釉三色施彩。

Long plate for eight curved Begonia type, fold along the broad side, flat bottom. In the plate, there are three lotus flowers in the center of the plate. Yellow, green and white glaze are used to decorate the plate.