古玩城2021精品推荐第二期：宋代龙泉窑青瓷执壶

龙泉窑是中国历史上的一个名窑，宋代六大窑系。汉族传统制瓷工艺的珍品。因其主要产区在浙江省龙泉市而得名。它开创于三国两晋，结束于清代，生产瓷器的历史长达1600多年，是中国制瓷历史上最长的一个瓷窑系，它的产品畅销于亚洲、非洲、欧洲的许多国家和地区，影响十分深远。龙泉窑以烧制青瓷而闻名，在北宋早期以前的产品风格受越窑、瓯窑、婺州窑的影响，特征与三窑的产品相似。胎质较粗，胎体较厚，釉色淡青，釉层稍簿。

Longquan Kiln is a famous kiln in Chinese history, with six major kiln series in Song Dynasty. It is a treasure of the traditional porcelain making craft of the Han nationality. Because of its main production area in Zhejiang Longquan City, so named. It started in the Three Kingdoms Jin Dynasty and ended in the Qing Dynasty, with a history of producing porcelain for more than 1600 years. It is the longest porcelain kiln system in the history of porcelain making in China. Its products are sold well in many countries and regions in Asia, Africa and Europe, and have a far-reaching influence. Longquan Kiln is famous for firing celadon. The style of its products before the early Northern Song Dynasty was influenced by Yue Kiln, Ou Kiln and Wuzhou Kiln, and its characteristics were similar to those of the products of the Three Kilns. The fetus is thicker, the body is thicker, the glaze is light green, and the glaze layer is slightly thin.

此宋代龙泉窑青瓷执壶，高23公分，小口，葫芦形腹，耳状把，流从下腹上升，圈足。纹饰纤细凸起。施满釉，釉色青绿。壶有细的浅灰色主体和不透明的灰蓝色釉。裸露的地方微红。脚圈未上釉。南宋时期，龙泉地区曾烧造出最美丽的青瓷。此执壶烧造于浙江省西南部瓯江盆地的龙泉地区，龙泉器物胎土为浅灰色， 经窑炉中冷却过程的再氧化，露胎处呈现橘红色。龙泉窑并非官窑。龙泉窑工们使用当地瓷土与釉料制作瓷器。

This song dynasty Longquan kiln blue and white porcelain pot, 23 cm high, small mouth, gourd shaped abdomen, ear shaped handle, flow from the lower abdomen, ring foot. The ornament is slender and raised. Glaze full, glaze green. The pot has a fine light gray body and opaque gray blue glaze. The bare place is reddish. The ring of the foot is not glazed. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Longquan area once made the most beautiful celadon. The pot is burnt in Longquan area, Oujiang basin, Southwest Zhejiang Province. The tire soil of Longquan utensils is light gray. After the oxidation of the cooling process in the kiln, the exposed place is orange red. Longquan kiln is not a government kiln. Longquan kiln workers use local porcelain clay and glaze to make porcelain.

此执壶既无精美繁复的雕饰，也无艳彩浓抹的图案，唯以其造型之秀美，釉色之纯净俏丽，风格之敦厚，显示出迷人的艺术魅力。它的釉为粉青釉，其色泽和质地之美，代表了我国历史上青釉烧制的最高水平。

This teapot has neither exquisite and complicated carved ornaments nor colorful patterns, but its beautiful shape, pure and beautiful glaze and honest style show its charming artistic charm. Its glaze is pink and green. The beauty of color and texture represents the highest level of green glaze firing in the history of our country.

龙泉窑瓷器造型丰富多样，如日常生活中的盘、碗、洗、炉，文具中的笔筒、笔架、水盂以及塑像、陈设品、文玩器物等应有尽有。其中尤以仿商周青铜器的鬲式炉、仿玉器的琮式瓶和仿汉代铜壶等器物最为精致。在装饰方面，由于南宋龙泉窑青瓷釉层厚而失透，北宋盛行的刻划花装饰已不适用，堆塑和浮雕为装饰手段则应运而生，产生了独具特色的龙凤、双鱼、莲瓣、人物纹等具有立体感的纹样，进一步加强了装饰艺术的美感。

Porcelain in Longquan kiln has various shapes, such as plates, bowls, washes and furnaces in daily life, pen containers, pen holders, water bowls in stationery, statues, furnishings, and playware, etc. Among them, the vessels with tripod vessels imitates Shang and Zhou bronzes, the cong flask imitates jade vessels, and the Han Dynasty bronze pot are the most exquisite. In terms of decoration, because the celadon glaze layer of Longquan kiln in the Southern Song Dynasty was thick and lost, the carving flower decoration prevailing in the Northern Song Dynasty was no longer applicable, and the stair sculpture and relief as the decorative means came into being, producing the unique three-dimensional patterns such as dragon and phoenix, double fish, lotus petals and figure patterns, which further strengthened the aesthetic feeling of decorative art.

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