2019山西益昌升精品推荐乾隆孝粉玉碗

藏品名称：乾隆孝粉玉碗

Collection Name: Qianlong Xiaopin Jade Bowl

藏品规格：重量：205.2g 口径：10.2cm 高：5.3cm 底径：5cm

Collection Specification: Weight: 205.2g Diameter: 10.2cm High: 5.3cm Bottom Diameter: 5cm

藏品简介：乾隆孝粉玉碗是指乾隆年间的一种玉碗，它的底部刻着篆字，上书"乾隆年制"，后有有人误念成"乾隆孝粉"，因名字通俗易解而被流传。明清玉器千姿百态，造型各异。清代玉工善于借鉴绘画、雕刻、工艺美术的成就，集阴线、阳线、镂空、俏色等多种传统做工及历代的艺术风格之大成，又吸收了外来艺术影响并加以糅合变通，创造并发展了工艺性、装饰性极强的治玉工艺，有着鲜明的时代特点和较高的艺术造诣。明清时期玉器与社会文化生活的关系日臻密切，炉、薰、瓶、鼎、簋等仿古造型的玉器层出不穷。玉质的茶酒具非常盛行。文人在书斋作画、书写，往往也用玉来做笔洗、水注、笔筒、墨床、镇纸、臂搁等文具，或以玉器装饰陈设。由于玉材的不同，琢玉工具和琢玉技巧的不同，加上审美情趣和风俗习惯的不同，每个时期玉器的造型及主题风格也是千姿百态各具特色。乾隆皇帝是我国古代最爱玉的帝王。历史上再没有哪位帝王，象乾隆帝那样，对玉器的认识和研究投入如此大的精力。他爱玉、藏玉、甚至在玉器制作上亲力亲为。他在位期间是清宫收藏古玉最多的时期，据说乾隆皇帝咏玉的诗文就有800首之多。他有17个儿子，除第16子早殇未命名外，其余诸子取名均与玉器有关，皇帝希望以这样的方式让玉之福祉润泽其后代。乾隆皇帝对玉的痴迷，促使"乾隆玉"成为18世纪中国玉的代名词，乾隆玉也成为中国古代玉器发展进程中最耀眼的明珠。乾隆孝粉玉碗乃是乾隆皇帝他母亲当时生病,经过御医治疗研发中药必须配合玉器使用才能达到最佳疗效。为此乾隆皇帝连夜命令工匠赶制出玉碗-玉蝶-玉杯-玉瓶等。后期被后人誉为"乾隆孝粉"曾在2012香港佳士得国际拍卖春拍一个有少许破损的"汉白玉碗"以30万起拍的,后经众多收藏家疯狂争取,最终以115万定锤成交。有破损的"汉白玉刻花缠枝纹碗"已经如此受欢迎了,可见汉白玉碗的魅力之大,价值之高"乾隆孝粉"玉碗，碗的内外部有花纹，其材质十分精美，用灯光打照，整体十分通透，有玉质光感，一般来说，主要是上等和田白玉，是宫廷御用之物，极少流落民间。另外，"乾隆孝粉"(实际是"乾隆年制")主要是玉碗，几乎没有其他造型。"乾隆孝粉"因选用上等白玉制成，暗刻花纹，工艺十分复杂，就算在宫廷也是稀有之物。

Collection Description: Qianlong Xiaopin Jade Bowl refers to a kind of Jade Bowl in the Qianlong Period. Its bottom is engraved with seal letters. It was written in the book "Qianlong Annual System". Some people mispronounced it as "Qianlong Xiaopin". Its name is popular and easy to understand. Jades of Ming and Qing dynasties have various shapes and shapes. Jade workers in Qing Dynasty are good at drawing lessons from the achievements of painting, sculpture and arts and crafts. They gather the achievements of many traditional craftsmanship such as Yin Line, Yang Line, Hollow-out and Beautiful Colors and the artistic styles of past dynasties. They also absorb the influence of foreign art and make adaptations to them. They have created and developed jade-curing crafts with strong craftsmanship and decoration, which have a distinct era. Characteristic and high artistic attainment. In Ming and Qing Dynasties, the relationship between jades and social and cultural life was getting closer and closer. Ancient-style jades such as stoves, fumigants, bottles, tripods and pans emerged in endlessly. Jade tea sets are very popular. Literati painting and writing in their study often use jade as stationery such as brush wash, water injection, penholder, ink bed, paperweight, arm shelf, or decorative display. Because of the differences in jade materials, tools and techniques, as well as the differences in aesthetic taste and customs, the shapes and thematic styles of jade articles in each period are different. Emperor Qianlong was the most jade-loving emperor in ancient China. No other emperor in history devoted so much energy to the understanding and research of jade articles as Emperor Qianlong did. He loved jade, Tibetan jade and even personally made jade articles. During his reign, the Qing Palace had the largest collection of ancient jade. It is said that there were 800 poems and essays chanting jade by Emperor Qianlong. He had 17 sons. Except for the sixteenth son, whose name had not yet been named, all the other sons were related to jade. The emperor hoped that in this way the well-being of jade would enrich his descendants. Emperor Qianlong's obsession with jade made "Qianlong Jade" become the pronoun of Chinese Jade in the 18th century, and Qianlong Jade also became the most dazzling pearl in the development process of Chinese ancient jades. Qianlong Xiaopin Jade Bowl was Emperor Qianlong and his mother was sick at that time. After the treatment of imperial medicine, the research and development of traditional Chinese medicine must cooperate with the use of jade to achieve the best curative effect. For this reason, Emperor Qianlong ordered craftsmen to make jade bowls, butterflies, cups and bottles overnight. Later, known as "Qianlong Filial Piety Powder" by later generations, a slightly damaged "Han Baiyu Bowl" was auctioned at Christie's International Auction in Hong Kong in the spring of 2012 for 300,000. After frantic struggle by many collectors, the deal was finalized with 115,000. The broken "Hanbaiyu carved bowl with twisted patterns" has been so popular. It can be seen that the charm of the Hanbaiyu bowl is great and the value of the "Qianlong filial piety powder" jade bowl is high. The inside and outside of the bowl have patterns. Its material is very exquisite. It is illuminated by lights. The whole bowl is very transparent and has a sense of jade light. Generally speaking, it is mainly the top-grade Hetian Baiyu, which is the palace. Royal objects seldom drift among the people. In addition, "Qianlong filial piety powder" (actually "Qianlong annual system") is mainly a jade bowl, almost no other shape. "Qianlong Filial Piety Powder" is made of high-grade white jade, with hidden patterns and complicated technology. Even in the court, it is a rare thing.

乾隆时期的玉器以它精湛的工艺博得世人的喝彩，在雕琢技法上堪称一流。“乾隆玉器”之所以在各大拍场上屡创高价，有其独特历史环境的因素。乾隆时期政治局面的稳定，国力昌盛，财富的空前积累为奢侈享受提供了充足条件，精美艺术品受到皇室贵族的垂爱。

Jade wares of Qianlong period won the world's applause for their exquisite craftsmanship, which is the first-class in carving techniques. Qianlong Jade Ware has its unique historical environment because of its high price in every big battlefield. During the Qianlong period, the political situation was stable, the national strength was prosperous, and the unprecedented accumulation of wealth provided sufficient conditions for luxury enjoyment. The fine works of art were loved by the Royal nobles.

清乾隆玉器之所以深受市场热捧是有历史根源的，在各种古玉里，乾隆玉器的质量是很高的。乾隆时期，清军在西域大举用兵，重又打通了丝绸之路，使新疆和田玉料大量运进内地，促进了内地玉雕技术和工艺迅速发展，乾隆时期也成为我国古代玉器史上最昌盛时代。在拍卖市场中，乾隆宫廷玉器尤其是白玉拍品表现非常火爆。

The reason why Qianlong Jade Wares in Qing Dynasty were popular in the market is historical. In all kinds of ancient Jades, the quality of Qianlong Jade Wares is very high. During the Qianlong period, the Qing army used a large number of troops in the Western Regions and reopened the Silk Road, which brought large quantities of Hetian jade materials into the Mainland of Xinjiang, and promoted the rapid development of jade carving technology and technology in the Mainland. The Qianlong period also became the most prosperous period in the history of ancient Chinese jades. In the auction market, Qianlong Palace jades, especially white jades, are very popular.

这种优质原料进行雕刻的艺术创作，也已经有2000多年的历史了。正因为乾隆时期的玉石文化盛行之分，使得这时期的制造雕刻技术也达到炉火纯青的地步。当前乾隆时期汉白玉堪称汉白玉市场上的一大霸主，相对于其他时代的而言，乾隆时期的汉白玉“天价”频出，可见在收藏家心目中有着不可替代的地位，值得收藏。

This kind of high-quality raw material for sculpture has a history of more than 2000 years. It is precisely because of the prevailing of jade culture in the Qianlong period that the manufacturing and sculpture technology in this period reached the stage of pure fire. At present, Han Baiyu in the Qianlong period can be regarded as a big hegemony in the market of Han Baiyu. Compared with other times, the "sky price" of Han Baiyu in the Qianlong period is frequent, which shows that it has an irreplaceable position in the minds of collectors and is worth collecting.

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