网上古玩商城精品推荐19年第10期：《光绪二十年（双龙·福寿）背（壹两）》贺

十九世纪末期，我国清朝国力积弱，西欧各国列强大举入侵中国，搜刮经济利益，我国沿海各省民间流通的银币，大部分都是外国银元，如墨西哥鹰洋、日本龙银等。

At the end of the 19th century, China's Qing Dynasty was weak. Western European powers invaded China and plundered economic interests. Most of the silver coins circulating among the people in the coastal provinces of China were foreign silver dollars, such as Mexico Eagle ocean and Japan Dragon Silver.

【藏品名称】：光绪二十年奉天机器官局造

[collection name]: made by Fengtian Machinery Bureau in the 20th year of Guangxu

【类别】：钱币

Class: Coins

光绪十三年正月，时任两广总督的张之洞有见于此，乃上奏朝廷，提议在广东率先设立钱局，后推行全国，用机器铸钱，制造银币，抵制外国银币垄断我国内之流通。光绪十五年，清廷批准，广东钱局正式成立，其造币所需的机器设备，全部需由外国进口。从此我国正式进入机器铸币时代。

In the first month of the 13th year of Guangxu's reign, Zhang Zhidong, then governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, was seen here. He played the imperial court and proposed to set up a money Bureau in Guangdong Province first, and then carry out the nationwide policy of using machines to cast money, make silver coins, and resist foreign silver coins from monopolizing the domestic circulation. In the 15th year of Guangxu's reign, with the approval of the Qing Dynasty, Guangdong money Bureau was officially established. All the machinery and equipment needed for its coinage were imported from foreign countries. Since then, China has officially entered the era of machine coinage.

此币由于是为皇家设计，故而打出“奉天机器官局造”字样来证明它的重要性。光绪二十年奉天机器官局造壹两双龙福寿金币一枚，雕刻精美，铸模深峻，铸造规整。此枚为品相完美，齿轮匀称，双龙栩栩如生，包浆醇厚，十分难得。

This coin was designed for the royal family, so it was made by Fengtian machine official bureau to prove its importance. In the 20th year of Guangxu's reign, Fengtian machinery bureau made a pair of gold coins with exquisite carving, deep mold and regular casting. This one is perfect in appearance, well proportioned in gear, lifelike in appearance, thick in pulp, very rare.

正面中间为“光绪二十年奉天机器官局造”，两侧为阳刻双龙，上端为篆书“寿”字，下为飞天蝙蝠，寓意“福寿”，反面中间为大字“壹两”，存世量极少，极具收藏价值。

In the middle of the obverse is "made by Fengtian Machinery Bureau in the 20th year of Guangxu", on both sides are Yang engraved Double Dragons, on the top is the seal character "Shou", on the bottom is the flying bat, which means "Fu Shou", on the middle of the reverse is the big character "one or two", which has a very small amount of life and is of great collection value.

“光绪二十年奉天机器官局造（双龙·福寿·壹两）金币据史记，“（奉天机器局）当时是生产“军械的兵工厂（无铸造币设备）。1894年（光绪二十年）四月，适逢“慈禧”筹备次年（1895年）六十大寿庆典，“奉天机器局”得旨后，由厂里技师设定草图样本（此币由于是为皇家设计的，故而打出“奉天机器官局造”字样来证明它的重要性）交与“英国皇家造币厂（香港分厂）雕模，再由印度“加尔格达造币厂（CALCUTTA）”铸造。此版币仅此一款，铸量约六十枚左右（暗合六十寿辰）。注：《（奉天机器局）始建于光绪二十二年（1896年）。由盛京将军“依克唐阿”奏请清“财政部”后，获准设立“奉天机器局”。并于当年（1896年）开始筹建，竣工于光绪二十三年（1897年）四月。建成后，（奉天机器局）正式投入生产》。

"In the 20th year of Guangxu's reign, Fengtian machinery bureau made (Shuanglong · Fushou · Yiliang) gold coins. According to historical records," Fengtian machinery bureau "was an Arsenal (without coinage equipment) that produced" weapons ". In April 1894 (the 20th year of Guangxu's reign), when Cixi was preparing for the 60th birthday celebration of the following year (1895), "Fengtian machinery bureau" was approved, the technicians in the factory set up a sketch sample (this coin was designed for the royal family, so the word "Fengtian machinery Bureau" was printed to prove its importance) and handed it over to the Royal Mint (Hong Kong Branch) to carve a model, and then India made it. It was struck at Calcutta. This is the only coin of this edition, with a total of about 60 coins (implying the 60th birthday). Note: Fengtian Machinery Bureau was founded in 1896. After general Sheng Jing "iktanga" invited the "Ministry of finance" of the Qing Dynasty, he was allowed to set up "Fengtian machinery bureau". It was built in 1896 and completed in April 1897. After completion, (Fengtian Machinery Bureau) officially put into production.

 那知事实难料,1894年（光绪二十年）七月，“甲午战争”爆发。按清历法（农历），1894年是“甲午”年，故称“甲午战争”。此战历时八个月之余，以清朝政府战败，北洋水师全军覆没而告终。清政府迫于日本帝国主义的压力，于1895年4月签订了著名的《马关条约》，故“慈禧（1895年）六十大寿庆典”因战争失败未办其庆典而告终。

It is hard to know the facts. In July 1894 (the 20th year of Guangxu), the Sino Japanese war broke out. According to the Qing calendar (lunar calendar), 1894 was the year of Jiawu, so it was called Jiawu War. The war lasted for more than eight months and ended with the defeat of the Qing government and the total annihilation of the Beiyang Navy. Under the pressure of Japanese imperialism, the Qing government signed the famous Treaty of Shimonoseki in April 1895, so the celebration of Cixi's 60th birthday ended because of the failure of the war.

 该币存世极罕。它的出现，对研究清末一些特殊币种有着深远的历史意义。同时具有很高的文物价值和艺术价值。

The coin is very rare. Its emergence has profound historical significance for the study of some special currencies in the late Qing Dynasty. At the same time, it has high cultural relic value and artistic value.

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