艺品在线2020精品推荐第6期：和田白玉谷纹螭龙座杯

玉，石之美者，有五德：润泽以温，仁之方也;腮理自外，可以知中，义之方也;其声舒扬，专以远闻，智之方也;不挠而折，勇之方也;锐廉而不怯，洁之方也。在古代，人们称和田玉的玉“料”为“肉”，行里的一些老玉人也都流传着“和田玉是长出来的”说法，由此人们更相信此种美玉是有生命的。

Jade, the beauty of stone, has five virtues: moist and warm, and benevolent; From the outside, you can know the middle, and the righteous side is also; Its voice is comfortable, and it is designed to be far-sighted and intelligent; If you don't scratch and fold, you will be brave; Sharp and inexpensive, but not afraid, clean side also. In ancient times, people called the jade "material" of Hetian jade "meat", and some old jade people in the industry also spread the saying that "Hetian jade grows", thus people believe that this kind of beautiful jade is alive.

中国最著名的玉石是新疆和田玉,它和河南独山玉,辽宁的岫岩玉和湖北的绿松石,称为中国的四大玉石。随着时间的洗礼,和田玉以其独特的质地、硬度、透明度、比重和颜色仍然在我国中占有头等位置,是四大玉石之首，所以和田玉也被称为中国玉。和田玉从上古一路走来经久不衰，有着千年的历史。它被广泛地用作礼器、配饰等，也是因其本身玉质细腻温润，外柔内刚，看似柔软，实则刚强坚韧，可以长久的佩带使用和传承。以日久弥新的特点为古代中国人所崇尚。诗人屈原执笔赞其曰：“登昆仑兮食玉英，与天地兮比寿，与日月兮齐光。” 和田玉苗源于有“万山之祖”之称的昆仑山。《穆天子传》记载，周穆王与西王母会于昆仑，两人难舍难分，后周穆王“载玉万只而归”。

The most famous jade in China is Hetian jade in Xinjiang, which, together with turquoise in dushan jade in Henan, xiuyan jade in Liaoning and Hubei, is called the four major jade in China. With the baptism of time, Hetian jade still occupies the first place in China with its unique texture, hardness, transparency, specific gravity and color, and is the first of the four major jade, so Hetian jade is also called Chinese jade. Hetian jade has been enduring for thousands of years since ancient times. It is widely used as ritual vessels, accessories, etc., also because of its delicate and warm jade, soft outside and firm inside, which seems to be soft, but in fact it is strong and tough, and can be worn and passed down for a long time. It is advocated by the ancient Chinese people for its long-lasting characteristics. Qu Yuan, a poet, wrote a pen to praise him, saying: "Climbing Kunlun is eager to eat Yuying, living longer than heaven and earth, and Qi Guang with the sun and moon." Hetian jade seedlings originated from Kunlun Mountain, which is known as the "ancestor of Wanshan Mountain". According to the Biography of Mu Tianzi, Zhou Muwang and the Western Queen Mother will be in Kunlun, and they are inseparable. After that, Zhou Muwang "returned with ten thousand jade".

和田玉主要玉种有和田玉白玉、青白玉、青玉、黄玉、墨玉、碧玉等。其中，白玉是含闪透石95%以上，颜色洁白、质地纯净、细腻、光泽润泽，为和田玉中的优良品种。在汉代、宋代、清代几个制玉的繁荣期，都极重视选材，优质白玉往往被精雕细刻为“重器”。

The main types of Hetian jade are Hetian jade white jade, blue white jade, sapphire, topaz, black jade and jasper. Among them, white jade is an excellent variety of Hetian jade, which contains more than 95% flash stone, with white color, pure texture, delicate luster and moist. In the prosperous periods of making jade in Han Dynasty, Song Dynasty and Qing Dynasty, great importance was attached to the selection of materials, and high-quality white jade was often carved into a "heavy weapon".

这尊和田白玉谷纹螭龙座杯，选用优质和田白玉精雕而成，玉质细润，沁色优美，刀法老练，油性十足。尊显端庄贵气。据权威专家评价：“此尊和田白玉谷谷纹螭龙座杯历经千年风雨，仍能保持品相完整，十分难得。整器纹饰繁缛华丽，工艺精湛，形体肃穆隽秀，历时久远以致沁色自然，包浆淳厚，美感十足，不可多得，有着极高的收藏价值和经济价值”。

This Hetian white jade valley-grain Galleon Cup is carved with high quality Hetian white jade, which is fine in quality, beautiful in color, sophisticated in knife cutting and full of oiliness. Show dignity and dignity. According to the authoritative expert's evaluation: "It's very rare that this cup with the grain of white jade valley in Hotan can still keep its appearance intact after thousands of years of wind and rain. The whole device is luxuriant in ornamentation, exquisite in craftsmanship, solemn and graceful in shape, lasting for a long time, so that it is natural in color, pure and honest in patina, full of aesthetic feeling and rare, and has extremely high collection value and economic value.

精美的座杯不仅为今天的人们展现当时贵族雍容奢华的生活场景，也为研究当时特定时期的社会现象提供了重要实物，为中国独特的酒文化的产生奠定了基础。商周时期的青铜爵、战汉时期的玉爵，器型大气优美，端庄典雅，古韵盎然。它们使得尘封已久的历史变得生动清晰起来，它们见证了历史的兴衰，并将成为我们珍贵的历史遗产代代相传。

Exquisite seat cups not only show today's people the elegant and luxurious life scenes of aristocrats at that time, but also provide important objects for the study of social phenomena in specific periods at that time, laying a foundation for the emergence of China's unique wine culture. Bronze Jue in Shang and Zhou Dynasties and Jade Jue in Han Dynasty have beautiful atmosphere, dignified and elegant, and full of ancient charm. They make the dusty history vivid and clear. They have witnessed the rise and fall of history and will be our precious historical heritage handed down from generation to generation.

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