艺品在线2020精品推荐第7期：铜镜

铜镜以天地方为形，天圆在中国古代是丰满、完整、吉祥、美好、富足的象征，在汉语中团圆、圆满是祥和的词语。因此，圆形镜一直是铜镜的重要形式。方形是圆形之外中国古镜中少见的造型，大部分方形镜为正方形，也有极为罕见的长方形造型。

Bronze mirrors take the shape of heaven and earth. In ancient China, Tianyuan was a symbol of fullness, integrity, auspiciousness, beauty and prosperity. In Chinese, reunion and perfection are peaceful words. Therefore, round mirror has always been an important form of bronze mirror. Square is a rare shape in ancient Chinese mirrors except circle. Most square mirrors are square, and there are also extremely rare rectangular shapes.

铜镜是中国古代青铜艺术中的灿烂瑰宝，中国铜镜素以“装饰繁缛、制作精美”著称于世。各朝各代对铜镜艺术均有创造，或古朴、或灵巧、华丽、或素雅，制作工艺更是各有千秋。

Bronze mirror is a splendid treasure in ancient Chinese bronze art, and Chinese bronze mirror is famous for its elaborate decoration and exquisite production. All dynasties and generations have created bronze mirror art, which is simple, smart, gorgeous, or elegant, and its production technology has its own merits.

铜镜，一般是含锡量较高的青铜铸造，光亮的一面为镜面，反面中央设钮以穿绦带便于手执使用。镜背素面外，大多数铸有图案和铭文，有着强烈的时代特征。

Bronze mirrors are generally made of bronze with high tin content. The bright side is a mirror surface, and a button is set in the center of the opposite side to wear a sash belt for easy use by hand. Most of them are cast with patterns and inscriptions, which have strong characteristics of the times.

铜镜最早出现在商代，多为祭祀的礼器；在春秋战国至秦时期，一般都是王和贵族才能享用；到西汉末期，铜镜就慢慢的走向民间，是人们不可缺少的生活用具。

Bronze mirrors first appeared in the Shang Dynasty, and most of them were ritual vessels for sacrifice; During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period to the Qin Dynasty, it was generally enjoyed by kings and nobles; By the end of the Western Han Dynasty, bronze mirrors were slowly moving towards the folk, which was an indispensable living appliance for people.

古代女子出嫁时，铜镜是必不可少的嫁妆，在成婚之日，新娘要向铜镜和玉行跪拜大礼，拜镜表示求平安，拜玉表示求子（因“玉”与“育”谐音）。

When an ancient woman gets married, bronze mirror is an essential dowry. On the wedding day, the bride should bow down to the bronze mirror and jade line, which means seeking peace and jade means seeking children (because "jade" and "education" are homophonic).

随着铜镜铸造技术的发展，唐代铜镜手工艺人受到波斯萨珊王朝的造型艺术影响，在铜镜制作中打破了传统的造型，出现了各式各样的花形镜，成为铜镜中的一道绚丽风景。

With the development of bronze mirror casting technology, influenced by the plastic arts of Persian Sassanian Dynasty, the tang dynasty bronze mirror craftsmen broke the traditional shape in the production of bronze mirrors, and various flower-shaped mirrors appeared, which became a gorgeous landscape in bronze mirrors.

铜镜的纹饰也是丰富多彩，包括四神十二生肖镜、瑞兽镜、瑞兽葡萄镜花鸟镜、瑞花镜 、神仙人物镜、特种工艺镜、瑞兽鸾鸟镜、盘龙镜、八卦镜、万字镜等；富丽堂皇的装饰风格，彰显着盛世的气度与荣耀，恰如唐诗中的经典名句：“人歌小岁酒，花舞大唐春”。

The decorative patterns of bronze mirrors are also rich and colorful, including four gods and twelve zodiac mirrors, Swiss beast mirrors, Swiss beast grape mirrors, flower-and-bird mirrors, immortal figure mirrors, special craft mirrors, Swiss beast bird mirrors, Panlong mirrors, Eight Diagrams mirrors, and Wan Zi mirrors; Magnificent decorative style highlights the bearing and glory of the prosperous times, just like the famous classic sentence in Tang poetry: "People sing wine at a young age, flowers dance in a big Tang Spring".

古代铜镜除了高超的艺术性外，还有着浓厚的神秘色彩。在古人的观念中，铜镜被普遍认为具有避邪消灾的作用。例如汉代铜镜铭文中就常见“去不祥”、“辟不祥”、“避去不祥”的辞句。

Ancient bronze mirrors have a strong mystery besides superb artistry. In the ancient concept, bronze mirrors are generally considered to have the function of avoiding evil spirits and eliminating disasters. For example, in the inscriptions of bronze mirrors in Han Dynasty, there are common phrases such as "removing ominous", "removing ominous" and "avoiding ominous".

由于对铜镜的迷信，人们还常常用镜子来预卜吉凶，文献中称为“镜听”。“镜听”起源于何时，今天已无法得知，但从一些资料看，早在唐代以前就已非常普遍。唐代大诗人王建的《镜听词》，就是写一个贫家妇女凭“镜听”来占卜她出门在外的丈夫的归期和吉凶。

Because of the superstition of bronze mirrors, people often use mirrors to predict good or ill luck, which is called "mirror listening" in literature. It is impossible to know when "mirror listening" originated today, but according to some data, it was very common before Tang Dynasty. Listening to Words in Mirror by Wang Jian, a great poet in Tang Dynasty, is about a poor woman who divines the return date and good or ill luck of her husband who is away from home by listening in mirror.

这方镜保存良好，半球钮，纹饰采用高浮雕技法制作。此面铜镜铸造极为精致，包浆自然醇厚，红斑由内而生，纹饰由繁入简却又不失富丽之贵，细致生动，品相完美，实在难得。

This square mirror is well preserved, with hemispherical buttons and ornamentation made by high relief technique. This bronze mirror is exquisitely cast, the patina is naturally mellow, the erythema is born from the inside, and the decoration changes from numerous to simple, yet it is rich and expensive, meticulous and vivid, and the appearance is perfect, which is really rare.

此件藏品现在展卖于艺品在线商城平台中，据持宝人介绍说，这件铜镜祖上传下来的。曾让专家老师鉴定过，绝世精品。在本公司得知其有这件罕见珍品，特邀其持这件铜镜参加，现持宝人因资金周转困难原因。忍痛割爱愿将此件铜镜委托本公司代其通过网络媒体进行寻找买家。如对此藏品有兴趣收藏者，可拨打企业联系电话：400 686 3616进行洽谈。

This collection is now on sale on the platform of the online art mall. According to the treasure holder, this bronze mirror was handed down by the ancestors. It has been appraised by experts and teachers, and it is a peerless boutique. After our company learned that it has this rare treasure, we invited it to take this bronze mirror. The current treasure holder has difficulty in capital turnover. I am willing to entrust this bronze mirror to our company to find buyers through online media. If you are interested in collecting this collection, you can call the company's telephone number: 400 686 3616 for negotiation.