精品推荐：大清康熙十五年墨迹

【藏品名称】：大清康熙十五年 墨迹

【藏品数量】：一件

【藏品起拍价】：18.8万

昔日文房工具，今日艺术珍品，每方砚都反映出各个时期手工艺品的制作水平，蕴含丰富的历史文化信息。向咏文房四事，谓笔墨纸砚，其中唯有砚最经久耐用，因而宋代米芾李之砚等存谱以藏，也是艺林佳话。乾隆皇帝喜欢砚，他在《砚谱序》中写：“内府砚颇夥，或传自勝朝或弆自国初，如晋玉兰堂砚、璧水暖砚，久陈之乾清宫东西暖阁。”砚台是文人几案必备之物，又流传有谱系，更是受皇帝重视，乾隆帝也念及“物繁地博，散置多年，不有以荟综稡记，或致遗佚失传，为可惜也。”故而“命内廷翰臣，甄覆品次，图而谱之，凡旧藏者若干枚，散置者若干枚，新获者若干枚，其弃置库中为之剪拂刮磨、郁为奇品者又若干枚，谱既成，欲命于敏中拟四六引言以行之。既思题句铭辞皆自作，且六日而成四十首……”不仅收藏砚，还亲手题诗。

Each inkstone reflects the production level of handicrafts in different periods and contains rich historical and cultural information. The four things about Xiangyong's study are called brush, ink, paper and inkstone. Among them, only inkstone is the most durable. Therefore, Li Zhiyan, a poet of Mi Fu in the Song Dynasty, and other works of art are well-known stories. Emperor Qianlong liked inkstones. He wrote in the preface to the inkstone spectrum that "the inkstones in neifu were quite a group, which were handed down from the Victorian dynasty or from the beginning of the country, such as the inkstones of the Yulan hall in Jin Dynasty and the inkstones in Bishui water, and the East-West warm Pavilion in the Qianqing palace after a long history." Inkstone is a necessary thing for literati in several cases, and it has been spread in a genealogy, and it is valued by the emperor. Emperor Qianlong also said that "it is a pity that things are numerous and the earth is rich, scattered for many years, and there is no collection of records, or it is lost." Therefore, "the imperial court ordered Han Chen to screen out the second items, and to draw up the pictures. There were several pieces of old collection, some pieces of scattered pieces, and several pieces of newly acquired pieces. In the abandoned warehouse, there were several pieces for cutting, scraping and grinding, and some pieces were for the unique products. After the completion of the spectrum, he wanted to order Minzhong to draw up four or six quotations to do it. He wrote his own poems and sentences, and in six days he wrote forty poems... " He not only collects inkstones, but also writes poems by himself.

在制作机构上，清宫用砚一般是由内务府造办处承办制作，还有少量来自地方官员年例进贡，或由地方织造按内廷发样承做。内廷造办处作坊林立，其中砚作、金玉作、铜镀作、珐琅作等，均有御用砚活计的制作，所制砚台品种有松花石砚、端石砚、歙石砚、仿古澄泥砚、玉石砚、铜匣暖砚等，成为御笔临池、政务、书斋陈设用砚等。清代内廷造办处“砚作”还制作大量仿古砚，其形式、种类多样。其中尤以乾隆时期成套制作的各式仿古砚最具特点，这些砚不仅造型摹古，而且命名也仿古，仿制皆有所本，如仿自明人高濂《砚谱》或宋人苏轼《砚谱》中的画样。仿古砚材质有歙石、端石、澄泥等，砚和砚盒上镌刻有乾隆帝御制诗，或者御题砚铭，以及“康熙年制”或“大清康熙仿古”款等，堪称康熙时期特有的御用砚形式。

In terms of production institutions, the inkstones used in the Qing palace were usually produced by the manufacturing office of the interior government, and a small number of inkstones were paid by local officials in the year, or were made by local weaving according to the samples issued by the imperial court. There are many workshops in the manufacturing office of the imperial court. Among them, inkstone, gold and jade, copper plating and enamel are all made for imperial use. The inkstones produced include Songhua inkstone, Duanshi inkstone, sheshi inkstone, archaized Chengni inkstone, Yushi inkstone, tongxianuan inkstone, etc., which have become the inkstone for Imperial calligraphy linchi, government affairs and study furnishings. In the Qing Dynasty, a large number of imitation ancient inkstones were produced by the office of making inkstones of the imperial court in Qing Dynasty. Among them, the most distinctive feature is the complete set of antique inkstones produced in Qianlong period. These inkstones are not only imitated by the ancient style, but also named after them. All the imitations have their own versions, such as those in the Yan Pu written by Gao Lian in the Ming dynasty or Su Shi in the Song Dynasty. The materials of imitation ancient inkstone include she stone, Duanshi, Chengni, etc. the inkstone and inkstone box are engraved with poems made by Emperor Qianlong, or inkstone inscriptions with imperial titles, as well as "Kangxi year system" or "Kangxi imitation of ancient times in Qing Dynasty", etc., which can be called the unique form of imperial inkstone in Kangxi period.

这件大清康熙墨迹（墨砚）精于造型设计，而且还注重装饰工艺和题材，在造型、纹饰、雕刻等方面多有创新。由内廷如意馆画师画样，并遵照皇帝的旨意照砚样成作。由于使用经过澄洗的细泥作为原料加工烧制而成，因此这件墨砚质地细腻，具有贮水不涸，历寒不冰，发墨而不损毫，滋润胜水可与石质佳砚相媲美的特点，因此前人多有赞誉。今日所见康熙墨砚已极为稀少，对我们研究当时的历史具有非常高的贡献，后期得升值空间也十分可观。

This great Qing Dynasty Kangxi ink (inkstone) is refined in design, but also pays attention to decorative technology and theme, and has many innovations in modeling, decoration, sculpture and other aspects. The painting was made by the painter of Ruyi Hall of the inner court and according to the emperor's will. Because the fine mud which has been cleaned is processed and burned as raw material, the ink stone is of fine texture, which has the characteristics of water storage, cold and ice free, ink without damage. Moistening water can be comparable with stone quality inkstone, so many previous generations have praise. Today, Kangxi ink stone has been very rare, which has a very high contribution to our study of the history at that time, and the space for appreciation in the later period is also considerable.