古玩城2019精品推荐第12期：咸丰重宝当十

中华民族历史悠久、民族众多、疆域广大、政权林立。其货币发展历程长、演变大、各时代遗留下的钱币实物浩如瀚海。其种类之多、形制之烦、数量之大、分布之广，在世界货币史上也是绝无仅有的，从商代的贝币、战国的刀、布币，秦代的方孔圆钱，到清末的机制币，数以万计千姿百态的古钱币构成了当今钱币收藏领域中最为庞大的收藏门类，吸引了无数爱好、收藏和研究者。千百年来，古钱币历经沧桑，存世数量越来越少，投资价值日益升高，近十年来，古钱币市场行情一路走高，特别是一些中高端古钱币十分抢手。古钱币的价格是由存世量、艺术价值和历史价值判断的，而且随着市场供需关系的变化而产生不同程度的波动。

The Chinese nation has a long history, many nationalities, vast territory and numerous political power. Its currency has a long history of development and evolution, and the material objects left over from various times are vast. It is unique in the history of world currency for its variety, shape, quantity and wide distribution. From the shell coin of Shang Dynasty, the knife and cloth coin of Warring States period, the square hole and round coin of Qin Dynasty, to the mechanism coin of late Qing Dynasty, tens of thousands of ancient coins of various shapes constitute the largest collection category in the field of money coin collection, attracting numerous hobbies, collectors and researchers. For thousands of years, ancient coins have gone through vicissitudes, the number of surviving coins is less and less, and the investment value is increasing day by day. In the past decade, the market of ancient coins has gone all the way up, especially some middle and high-end ancient coins are very popular. The price of ancient coins is determined by the amount of money, artistic value and historical value, and fluctuates with the change of market supply and demand.

【藏品名称】：咸丰重宝当十

[collection name]: Xianfeng treasure ten

【类别】：钱币

Class: Coins

中国币制的演变发展历经风雨，清代咸丰朝是我国历史上继王莽之后，又一币制混乱时期。咸丰统治时期，正是大清王朝的多事之秋，内有太平天国运动兴起，外有英法联军步步侵略，然而清政府税收猛减，饷需繁重，铜路梗塞，国库空虚，更是雪上添霜。《光绪顺天府志》载：“咸丰三年，军旅数起，饷需支拙，东南道路梗阻，滇铜不至，刑部尚书周祖培，大理寺卿恒春，御史蔡绍洛先后条陈钱法，请改铸大钱，以充度支”。咸丰帝令户部落实铸大钱之议，于咸丰三年(1853年)五月，先铸当十钱一种，钱文“咸丰重宝”，重量六钱，规定与制钱相辅而行。此后铸大钱之举一发不可收，蔓及全国29个铸钱局，自此钱法大乱。

The evolution and development of China's currency system experienced wind and rain. The Xianfeng Dynasty in Qing Dynasty was another period of currency system chaos after Wang Mang in China's history. During the reign of Xianfeng, it was the eventful autumn of the Qing Dynasty. There was the rise of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom movement inside and the invasion of the British and French allied forces outside. However, the tax revenue of the Qing government was sharply reduced, the payment was heavy, the copper road was blocked, the Treasury was empty, and the snow added frost. In the three years of Xianfeng, there were several military brigades, which were hard to pay, the roads in the southeast were blocked, Yunnan copper was not available, Zhou Zupei, the Minister of the Ministry of punishment, Qing Hengchun, Dali temple, and CAI shaoluo, the imperial history, successively wrote about the money method. Please change the money to make it sufficient. In May 1853, Emperor Xianfeng ordered the tribes to make a large amount of money. The money was first made into ten kinds of money. The money was written as "Xianfeng treasure" with six coins in weight. The regulations were in line with the money making. Since then, the practice of making large sums of money has been uncollectible. Man and 29 money casting bureaus across the country have been involved. Since then, the money method has been in chaos.

继咸丰“当十”钱出笼后，当年即先后增铸“当五十”、“当百”、“当五百”、“当千”四种大钱;次年又马不停蹄地接着鼓铸其它较小面额的制钱，从而迅速形成了由“当四”到“当千”14品大钱组成的币值格局。总体而言，咸丰大钱版式之复杂，为历朝所罕见，马定祥父子和徐渊先生编写的《咸丰泉汇》一书，共刊载不同版别咸丰方孔钱4000余种，且还不包括散落在民间收藏者手中不同版别的咸丰钱。《东华录》载：“当五百与当千大钱于咸丰四年二月始铸，然大钱一出，盗铸蜂起，虽禁以弃市之律，不能止，不得不逐步停铸，乃于同年七月即停铸收回当五百当千大钱，并不能行用矣”。可见当五百当千大钱因民间通行不畅，贬值严重而减少铸额。直到咸丰九年(1859年)，清政府不得不彻底停铸大钱，并把咸丰当五十以上大钱兑换回收，不再流通。是谓咸丰大钱版式纷杂却铸额不多，其祖钱，母钱及样钱，均为极难得之物。

After Xianfeng's "Dangshi" money came out, four kinds of big money were successively cast in that year, namely, "Dang 50", "Dang 100", "Dang 500" and "Dang 1000"; the following year, other small denominations of money were continuously cast, which quickly formed a currency value pattern composed of 14 big money products from "Dang 4" to "Dang 1000". Generally speaking, the format of Xianfeng big money is complex, which is rare in the past dynasties. The book "Xianfeng spring collection" written by Ma Dingxiang, his father and his son, and Mr. Xu Yuan published more than 4000 kinds of Xianfeng square hole money in different editions, and it does not include the different editions of Xianfeng money scattered in the hands of folk collectors. "Donghualu" records: "when five hundred and one thousand big money were cast in February of the fourth year of Xianfeng, however, when the big money came out, the stolen casting started. Although the law of abandoning the market was forbidden, it could not stop, and had to stop casting gradually, but in July of the same year, the casting stopped to recover five hundred and one thousand big money, which could not be used.". It can be seen that when five hundred thousand yuan is not accessible to the people and the depreciation is serious, the casting amount will be reduced. Until the ninth year of Xianfeng (1859), the Qing government had to completely stop casting big money, and exchange it for more than 50 big money and recycle it. It is said that the format of Xianfeng big money is miscellaneous but the amount of money cast is not much. Its ancestor money, mother money and sample money are very rare.

咸丰朝所铸大钱非常有名，是中国古钱币的一朵奇葩，精美绝伦，被泉学名家孙仲汇先生誉为“清钱之王”，极具欣赏价值。且对研究中国乃至世界铸币史和金融史具有非常特殊的意义。此枚咸丰重宝当十铜元，圆形方孔铜质钱币，为难得一见的珍品古钱。正面铸有楷书“咸丰重宝”四字，从上而下而右而左直读;钱背上下写有汉文“当十”二字标明币值，左右用满文写有钱局的名称。正面圆形方孔的铜币，其形状外发天，内地法，取义精宏。观其图，造型圆润端庄，字迹清晰深俊，包浆浑厚温润，是难得一见之收藏佳品!

Xianfeng Dynasty is very famous for its large amount of money, which is a wonderful flower of ancient Chinese coins. It is extremely beautiful. It is praised as "the king of Qing Dynasty" by Mr. Sun Zhonghui, a famous spring scholar, and has great appreciation value. It is of special significance to study the history of coinage and finance in China and even in the world. This precious coin of Xianfeng is worth ten copper yuan. It's a round square hole copper coin. It's a rare treasure. On the obverse, there are four characters of regular script "Xianfeng chongbao", which are read directly from top to bottom, right and left; on the back of Qian, there are two characters of "Dangshi" in Chinese, which indicate the value of currency, and on the left and right, there are Manchu characters for the name of the Bureau of wealth. The copper coin with a round square hole on the obverse has the shape of an outer heaven and the interior method, which takes the meaning of Jinghong. Looking at the picture, it has a round and dignified shape, clear and deep handwriting, thick and warm pulp, which is a rare collection!

“咸丰重宝当十铜元”以其诸多特色吸引着古钱币爱好者，甚至于不懂古钱币的“圈外人士”都因其具有其它钱币的不可比拟的魅力而被折服。由于咸丰当十钱币属于大型古钱币，而且具有多局、多版、多字体、多纹记、多材质等奇异特点，不仅深受古泉爱好者们的宠爱，更是专家学者们争相研究的绝好对象，真可谓风华绝代，一时无两。这枚咸丰重宝当十铜元虽已饱经百年历史的风霜洗礼，币面却无太大的磨损，品相很好，十分精致，是当十钱币里的精品。价值不菲，值得收藏。

"Ten copper yuan of Xianfeng heavy treasure" attracts ancient coin lovers with its many characteristics, even "people outside the circle" who don't understand ancient coins are admired for their incomparable charm of other coins. As xianfengdangshi coins belong to large-scale ancient coins, and have many unique features such as multiple places, multiple editions, multiple fonts, multiple patterns, and multiple materials, they are not only favored by ancient spring lovers, but also the best object for experts and scholars to study. It is really unique and unique. Although the ten copper coins of Xianfeng heavy treasure have been baptised by the wind and frost of a hundred years, there is not much wear on the coin surface. It is of good appearance and exquisite quality, which is the best of the ten coins. It's worth collecting.

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