古玩行2020精品推荐第4期：洪武通宝牧牛花钱

洪武通宝为明代朱元璋时期发行货币，朱元璋是历代皇帝当中唯一一个出身最贫寒的乞丐皇帝。明代钱文不称元宝，因为朱元璋的名字中有“元”字，要避讳，所以自大中钱到永历钱，不论大小，都称通宝。

Hongwu Tongbao issued currency for the Ming Dynasty Zhu Yuanzhang period. Zhu Yuanzhang was the only emperor of the ages who was the most impoverished emperor. In the Ming Dynasty, Qian Wen did not call Yuanbao, because Zhu Yuanzhang's name had the word "yuan" and he wanted to avoid it. Therefore, he was arrogant enough to pay Yongli money. Regardless of size, he was called Tongbao.

洪武通宝在外形设计上依旧采用外圆内方的设计，正面为雄壮有力的“洪武通宝”四字，上面是“洪”字，下面是“武”字，左边是“寶”字，右边是“通”字。对于洪武通宝反面的款式有多样式，根据历史研究发现，一共可以分为四种类型，六十一种款式。截至到目前，一共有五十八种款式被发现。大家最为熟悉的当属小平光背的版别非常多。但这枚牧童骑牛样式，因背面是一个牧童骑牛的图案，极其稀少，亦属罕见之品。

 Hongwutongbao still uses the design of the outer circle in the shape design. The front is the powerful and powerful "Hongwu Tongbao". The word "Hong" is on the top, the word "Wu" is on the bottom, and the word "Bao" is on the left. The word "pass" is on the right. For Hongwu Tongbao's reverse style, there are many styles. According to historical research, it can be divided into four types and Sixty-one styles. So far, a total of 58 styles have been discovered. The most familiar is the version of Xiao Ping's light back. However, this shepherd riding cow style, because the back is a shepherd riding cow pattern, is extremely rare, is also a rare product.

这枚明代洪武牧童骑牛花钱，直径为53mm，重量49.1g,规格标准，背面牧童骑牛图，一个牧牛娃，头戴斗笠，骑在牛背之上，逍遥自在地吹着笛子，笛声悠扬悦耳，那牛儿摆动着尾巴，悠然自得，形象逼真，栩栩如生，十分有趣，令人爱不释手。

This Ming Dynasty Hongwu shepherd boy spends money on riding a cow. Its diameter is 53mm, its weight is 49.1g, and its specifications are standard. The picture of a shepherd boy riding an ox on the back of a cow, wearing a hat, riding on the back of the cow, is playing the flute freely. The flute is melodious and pleasant to the ear. The cow swings its tail, which is carefree, vivid and lifelike. It is very interesting and unforgettable.

为什么纪念币上会出现牧童骑牛的图案呢？这与当时的社会环境有关。《明史》载：“至正四年（1344年）旱蝗，大饥疫，太祖（即朱元璋）时年十七，父母兄相继殁，贫不克葬，里人刘继祖与之地，乃克葬……”，又载“……太祖孤无所依，乃入皇觉寺为僧。”至于朱元璋在未入寺为僧以前，是否当过放牛娃，虽无从考证。但从朱元璋的出身贫苦，生活无着，幼年替人家放过牛，也有可能。朱元璋小的时候曾放牛，之后在花钱上铸上牧童骑牛图案，正表明了皇帝也出身困苦，与百姓同心相连、同甘共苦，由此激励人民发展生产。

Why is there a shepherd boy riding a cow on the commemorative coin? This is related to the social environment at that time. "History of the Ming Dynasty" contains: "In the first four years(1344), drought, famine, Taizu(ie, Zhu Yuanzhang) was 17 years old. His parents and brothers were successively buried, and he was buried in poverty. Liujizu was buried with the land. ...", It also contains "... Taizu has no place to go, but enters Huangjue Temple as a monk. As for whether Zhu Yuanzhang had been a cow baby before he entered the temple, there was no way to verify it. However, it is also possible for Zhu Yuanzhang to be born poor and have no life. When Zhu Yuanzhang was young, he had put cattle, and later cast a shepherd boy riding a cow pattern on his money. This shows that the emperor was also born and suffering, and he was connected with the people in one heart and shared with the people, thus encouraging the people to develop production.

目前发现的洪武牧童骑牛花钱，图案并非一种，牧童形态各异，钱的大小也不尽相同，就连牧童骑牛的图案，也有平面图和立体图案两种。但总的来说，目前发现的洪武牧童骑牛花钱数量较少，值得珍藏。具有历史性和纪念性钱币，具有极高的市场价值或收藏价值。

At present, the Hongwu shepherd boy riding a cow is not a kind of pattern. The shepherd boy's shape is different, and the size of the money is not the same. Even the shepherd boy riding a cow's pattern has two plans and three-dimensional patterns. However, in general, the amount of money currently found by Hongwu shepherd boys riding cattle is relatively small and worth collecting. It has historical and commemorative coins and has extremely high market value or collection value.

此件藏品现在展卖于古玩行商城平台中，据持宝人介绍说，这件古钱币是祖上传下来的。曾让专家老师鉴定过，绝世精品。在本公司得知其有这件罕见珍品，特邀其持这件古钱币参加，现持宝人因资金周转困难原因。忍痛割爱愿将此件古钱币委托本公司代其通过网络媒体进行寻找买家。如对此藏品有兴趣收藏者，可拨打企业联系电话：400 686 3616进行洽谈。

The collection is now on display on the platform of the antique shop. According to the treasure holder, the ancient coin was handed down from the ancestors. It has been appraised by experts and teachers and is a peerless masterpiece. After learning that it has this rare treasure, our company specially invited it to take part in this ancient coin. Now the holder of the treasure has difficulty in cash flow. I am willing to entrust this ancient coin to our company to search for a buyer through internet media. If you are interested in this collection, you can call the business contact number: 400 686 3616 for negotiation.