古玩行2020精品推荐第3期：双耳尊

汝瓷是我国宋代“汝、官、哥、钧、定”五大名瓷之一。名瓷之首，汝窑为魁。汝窑的工匠，以名贵的玛瑙入釉，烧成了具有“青如天，面如玉，蝉翼纹，晨星稀，芝麻支钉釉满足”典型特色的汝瓷。官汝窑大约共烧造20年左右，传世品极少，所以物以稀为贵。根据目前的统计，汝窑器传世大约分布于以下几个地方:北京故宫博物院17件、台北故宫博物院23件、上海博物馆8件、英国大维得基金会7件、天津博物馆1 件、广东省博物馆半件、中国香港收藏家罗桂祥1件、日本现存4件、美国现存5件、英国私人收藏1件，共计67件半。

Ru Ci is one of the five famous porcelains of the Song Dynasty in China: Ru, Guan, Ge, Jun and Ding. The Ru kiln is the leader of the famous porcelain. The craftsman of Ru Kiln glazed with rare agate and burned Ru Ci with the typical characteristics of "green as heaven, jade-faced, cicada wings, thin morning stars, sesame Zhi Ding glaze satisfied". Guan Ru Kiln has been burned for about 20 years, and there are very few products handed down from ancient times, so rare is the most expensive. According to current statistics, Ru kiln wares handed down from ancient times are distributed in the following places: Beijing Palace Museum 17 pieces, Taipei Palace Museum 23 pieces, Shanghai Museum 8 pieces, Great Britain Foundation 7 pieces, Tianjin Museum 1 piece, Guangdong Province Museum half piece, Hong Kong, China collector Luo Guixiang 1 piece, Japan existing 4 pieces, United States existing 5 pieces, Britain private collection 1 piece, totaling 67 and a half pieces.

汝窑器有瓶、尊、盏托、碗、盘、洗、奁、水仙盆等日用器，少数还有堆花、印花等装饰，底部更有青花年号款，多是用刀笔刻画，和印花、模印等工艺。如：天青花草纹鹅颈瓶、粉青履莲盏托、天青莲花瓣深腹盂、天青牡丹花龙纹钵、莲花纹钵、辐射纹荷叶器座、辐射纹敛口花钵(藏河南)，暗花双鱼盘(藏英国)。另外，在传世品的个别器物上还出现有文字。如：“奉华”二字多见于尊、瓶、碟之上。“蔡丙”、“宁”则是见于小碟与洗上。文字虽不是装饰，但仍提高了对器物的鉴赏意趣，其中“奉华”应是宋奉华宫的专用物。器形又分裹足、平底、三足、凹足、葵口、窄板沿和宽板沿诸种。盘分有裹足、凹足、平底、直口和荷花口数种。还有三足洗、弦纹尊(奁)、套盒、尊、方壶、圆壶等，还有为数不多的莲花器座、荷叶器座、镂孔器、鸟、龙等瓷塑工艺品。也用花、鸟、虫、鱼装饰来满足皇亲贵族们的闲情逸趣。

The Ru kiln has daily utensils such as bottles, statues, lamp holders, bowls, dishes, washing, caskets, daffodil basins, etc. A few also have decorations such as flowers piling and printing. The bottom has blue and white year numbers, which are mostly depicted with knives and pens, and printing and die printing. For example, the sky blue goose neck bottle with flowers and plants pattern, the pink green lotus cup holder, the sky blue lotus petal deep belly jar, the sky blue peony flower dragon pattern bowl, the lotus pattern bowl, the radiation pattern lotus leaf holder, the radiation pattern folding flower bowl (hidden in Henan), and the dark flower double fish plate (hidden in Britain). In addition, there are some characters on some artifacts handed down from ancient times. For example, the word "Fenghua" is often found on honour, bottles and dishes. "Cai Bing" and "Ning" are found on small dishes and dishes. Although the writing is not decoration, it still improves the appreciation interest of artifacts, of which "Fenghua" should be the exclusive use of the Song Fenghua Palace. The shape of the vessel is divided into foot wrapping, flat bottom, three feet, concave foot, kwai mouth, narrow plate edge and wide plate edge. There are several kinds of plates, including foot wrapping, concave foot, flat bottom, straight mouth and lotus mouth. There are also three-legged washing, string-carved figurines (caskets), sets of boxes, figurines, square pots, round pots, etc. There are also a few porcelain and plastic arts and crafts such as lotus flower holders, lotus leaf holders, hole carvers, birds, dragons, etc. Flowers, birds, insects and fish are also used to satisfy the leisure interests of royalty and nobles.

汝瓷胎质细腻，胎色灰中略带着黄色，俗称“香灰胎”。 汝州张公巷汝窑器，胎呈灰白色，比其他窑口的胎色稍白，是北宋官窑的主要特征。汝瓷釉面滋润柔和，纯净如玉，有明显酥油感觉，稍透亮，多呈乳浊或结晶状。用放大镜观察，可见到釉下寥若晨星的稀疏气泡，抚之如绢，如堆脂，温润古朴，素静典雅，纹片晶莹多变为主要特征。汝瓷釉料有红玛瑙成份在內，所以汝瓷的釉面才能反映淡淡的红色，请注意“釉面”二字，这是真假汝瓷重要标志。后世仿品，尽管釉中也加了玛瑙成份，但就是产生不了淡淡的红色。汝瓷是满釉裹足支钉支烧，而支钉数多数为3个或5个，个别器物也采用6个支钉。汝瓷支钉支烧留下的痕迹，形若张开的芝麻花。张公巷的器物呈圆形支钉。个别碗、套盒、凹足钵、洗、器盖等用垫饼支烧工艺。

Ru Ci's fetus is fine and delicate, with a slight yellow color in its gray color, commonly known as "fragrant gray fetus". The main feature of the official kiln in the Northern Song Dynasty is that the tyres of the kiln in Zhanggongxiang, Ruzhou are grayish white, slightly whiter than those of other kiln openings. The surface of your porcelain glaze is moist and soft, pure as jade, with obvious ghee feeling, slightly translucent, mostly opacifying or crystalline. With a magnifying glass to observe, you can see the sparse bubbles under the glaze, touching like silk, such as pile of fat, warm and simple, quiet and elegant, crystal and changeable grain as the main characteristics. Ru Ci glaze contains red agate, so the glaze of Ru Ci can reflect light red. Please pay attention to the word "glaze", which is an important symbol of true and false Ru Ci. Later imitations, even though agate was added to the glaze, could not produce light red. Ru Ci is a glazed foot-covering Zhi Ding, while Zhi Ding has 3 or 5, and some implements have 6 Zhi Ding. The traces left by the burning of the Zhi Ding branch in Ru Ci are like open sesame flowers. The implements in Zhang Gong Xiang are round Zhi Ding. For individual bowls, sets of boxes, concave foot bowls, washings, covers and the like, the baking process is supported by cushion cakes.

这件宋代天青釉汝窑弦纹双耳尊，传世珍品，器型非常经典，做工十分精美，含玛瑙天青釉，釉色温润如玉，品相上乘，珍稀古朴，老气十足，乃极为珍罕之北宋汝窑上等珍品，千年潜藏，见证沧桑，造化保存完好，玉润古美，弥足珍贵，极具观赏、研究与收藏价值。

This Song Dynasty blue glaze Ru kiln has two ears with string patterns. It is a treasure handed down from ancient times. It is very classic in shape and exquisite in workmanship. It contains agate blue glaze. The glaze color is warm and moist like jade. It is of excellent quality, rare and unsophisticated. It is very old and rare. It is the finest treasure of the Northern Song Dynasty Ru kiln. It has hidden for thousands of years, witnessed vicissitudes of life, is well preserved by nature, and is of great value in appreciation, research and collection.

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